初中英语语法冠词要点(新)

1、冠 词 目录 一. 冠词概述 二. 冠词的分类 三. 冠词的用法 一. 冠词概述 冠词的概念：冠词是经常加在名词前面的 一个辅助词，限制名词的意义。 冠词在句子中不能单独作一个成分，是虚 词。 冠词的范围：a、an、the 二. 冠词的分类 不定冠词：a和an 定冠词：the 三. 冠词的用法(不定冠词) （一）不定冠词的用法： 1. 表示类属中的“任何一个” 用来列举此类人或事物中的任何一个都具有某种能力或 某种特征。 A child should have more free time to think. 2. 表示泛指的某人、某物 用来指某人或某物，不明确指出具体的人或物，只说明 大体情况。 An English-English dictionary is very necessary for me. 3. 表示数量中的“一 ”。 用在数词中，表示“一”。 A hundred and more people attended this meeting. 4. 表示单位量词的“每一” 指某种人或事物中的任何一个 ，或表示“每一”的概念。 Take three pills a day

2、 and youll get better soon. 5.与一些常用动词构成搭配 get a cold感冒 pay a visit 拜访 take a seat坐下 get in a word 插话 make a living 谋生 make a face 做鬼脸 make an apology 道歉 make a speech做演讲 take an interest in对感兴趣 take a message for 为某人稍口信 lend/give sb. a hand 6. 不可数名词如education, history, knowledge, population, time, world等，在表述其某一部分或某 一方面的内容、概念时，前面常加不定冠词 have a long history have a good time receive a good education a knowledge of English and computer 7. 用于部分动词短语中 具有动作意义的名词在与动词have, take, make, give等构成短语表示一种短暂性的动作时，

3、此名词前 的不定冠词一般不可缺少，表示“做一做” have a look/walk/break/try/bath make a choice/decision/plan/study 三. 冠词的用法(定冠词) 1 表示特定的人或物 这种用法可以表示上文提到过的或谈话双方明确的人或物。特指 某人或某事物，以区别于同类中的其他人或事物。 Is this the book that you are looking for? 2 表示某类属的全体:the 常用于单数名词前，代表一类人或事物。 Do you know who invented the computer? The cat, is liked by many people. 3 表示地球、宇宙中的独一无二的事物 世界上独一无二的东西很多，这里所指的独一无二主要是指各种 天体及世界上比较有影响力的物体。 The sun is bigger than the moon. 4 表示具体的地点、方位，具体的时间或某天的一部分等 on the right in the east in/at the end in the afternoon i

4、n the center in/at the beginning all over the world. 5 用于比较级、最高级所修饰的名词和序数词前，常用the ，表示特指 Which story is the more interesting (story) of the two. He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 6 用于“越.越”结构中，the必不可少 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes youll make. 7 用于形容词或分词前，表示一类人或事物 The rich should help the poor. The old are easy to catch cold. 8 用于乐器前，在演奏的乐器前加the Shall we dance to the guitar? 9 定冠词的习惯用法 (1)用定冠词的地名、组织名 the US, the Great Wall, the UN, the History Museum (2) 常用定冠词的习惯短

5、语 与时间相关的短语：in the middle of, at the same time, at the age of, all the year around 与地点相关的：at the foot of, in the world, on the way to, in/on the street, in/on/to the east of, at/on/in the corner of, on the ground/playground, at the beginning/end of, at the back of 其他固定短语： tell the truth, make the bed, in the darkness, with the help of, on/over/through the radio, at the top of ones voice 注意 不用冠词的场合（零冠词） 1 专有名词前一般不加冠词：China, American, Grade Two 2 一些抽象的不可数名词前不加冠词： Life is short. Time waits for no ma

6、n. 3 名词前已有this, that, my, whose, some, any, no, each, every等 等修饰限定时，不加冠词。 I have some questions to ask. 4 复数名词表示某一类人或事物时，不加冠词 They are workers. Computers are very popular to all kinds of people. 5 季节、月份、星期和节日的名词前不加冠词 It is Sunday today. June 1st is Childrens Day in China. Spring is a lovely season. 6 在语言、学科、三餐、球类等名词前不加冠词 Miss Smith can not speak Chinese. Maths is hard to learn. 7 在人名、称呼语、头衔、职务等名词前，一般不加冠词 What color are Mr. Greens shoes? The president gave a talk on TV. 8 在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词 by ca

7、r, by bus, by train (但take a bus, in a boat, on the bike前要加冠词) 9 表示语言的名词前不加冠词，但后加language时，必须 加the Chinese French English the Chinese language 10 在一个“普通名词（或形容词最高级）+as(though)” 引导的让步状语从句中，不用冠 Shortest though he is, he runs fastest in our class. 1. Mr Wang has worked as _English teacher for more than 10 years. A. / B. a C. an D. the 2 How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here? It takes us _ hour or more to go to my hometown by_ train. A. an; a B. a ; an C. an; / D. a; / 3 What _ us

8、eful book it is! Yeah, it tells you how to play guitar. A. an； the B. a； a C. a； the D. an； a 4、.Susan joined an art club at age of six and paints well. A. the B. an C.a 5、My uncle is _ engineer. He works very hard. A. the B. a C. an 练习 6.A horse is _ useful animal. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7.We usually go to _ school on weekdays, and sometimes go to_ cinema at weekends. A. 不填；the B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填 8._ are planning to go on vacation. A. Blacks B. A Blacks C. The Blacks D. The Blacks 9.Mrs Smith has _ son and a daughter. A. a B. an C. the D. / 10. Her daughter began to play _ piano when she was five. Now she s very good at it. A. an B. a C. the D. / 11. She learned to play _ piano all by herself. A. a B. an C. the D.不填 12. What do you want to be in the future, Nick? I want t

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