新人教版必修一课件：Unit 4 Earthquakes Section C Grammar

1、Unit 4 EarthquakesUnit 4 Earthquakes 定语从句定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词用 作定语的句子就叫做定语从句。被定语从 句修饰的词，叫先行词。 引导定语从句的关联词有： 1.1.定语从句定语从句 关系代词：who, whom whose, which, that 关系副词：when, where 2. 定语从句的位置 定语从句放在被修饰成分之后。 e.g. This is the car which he bought last year. 先行词定语从句 The book is very good. I have read it. 3.先行词和关系词的关系 Join the following sentences: The book is very good. I have read that/which. The book that/which I have read is very good. The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. 3.先行词和关系词的关系 Join the following

2、 sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw whom yesterday. The girl whom we saw yesterday is Mary. 3.先行词和关系词的关系 We saw some trees. The trees leaves were black with disease. We saw some trees. whose leaves were black with disease. We saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease. He lived in a room. The rooms window faces south. He lived in a room whose window faces south. 4. 关系代词的句法功能及指代功能 关系代词处在先行词和定语从句之间， 身兼三职： 1. 连接主从句的纽带 2. 指代先行词 3. 在从句中充当某种句子成分。 指代人指代物指代人或 物 主语语whowhichthat 宾语宾语whom / who w

3、hichthat 定语语whose (=of whom) whose (=of which) 在从句 中的作用 指代 功能 I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. (物/主/不可省) which 指物, 在句中作主语或宾语, 作 宾语时可以省略。 I showed him the letter. I received it this morning I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning. (物/宾/可省) that 指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。 Theyre talking about the man. I have seen the man. Theyre talking about the man (that) Ive seen. (人/宾/可省) It was written by Laos

4、he. Jane has borrowed the book. Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Laoshe. （物/主/不可省） The boy who is reading a book over there is my friend. （主/不可省） The boy is my friend. He is reading a book over there. who指人, 在从句中作主语，不可省， 作宾语, 可省略。 He is a famous singer You saw him just now. He is a famous singer (who/whom) you saw just now. (宾/可 省) whom指人, 在从句中作宾语, 可省略。 The girl is from America. I called her just now. The girl (whom ) I called just now is from America.（人/宾/可省） The girl got first. H

5、er father had given us a report. The girl whose father had given us a report got first. whose father=the father of whom = of whom the father Whose可指人或物, 在从句中作定语, 不可省略。（=of whom/which the + n; the +n+ of whom /which） * 先行词前有下列词语修饰时，定 语从句必须用that 引导。 all, every, any, little, few, much, no, only, very, the + 序数词, the + 形容词最高级 e.g. This is the cleanest park that you can imagine. e.g. He talked about the things and persons he had visited in the city. * 在 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句 中，限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导 。 tha

6、t e.g. Who is the man is standing over there? that e.g. This is the only book that has been written in French. 当先行词是 one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时一般用 who, 不用 that。 Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. 先行词是人, 从句中作宾语时, 用whom 或that(介词后不用that)。 The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom she borrowed it. 指代人指代物指代人或 物 主语语whowhichthat 宾语宾语whom / who whichthat 定语语whose (=of whom) whose (=of which) 在从句 中的作用 指代 功能 从A、B、C、D四个选

7、项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Is there anything _ I can do for you? A. which B. who C. whom D. that D 2. I have seen some strange trees, _ open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. whose leaves C. which leaves D. their leaves 3. All _ we need is enough rest after long hours work. A. the thing B. that C. what D. which B B 4. On the train I saw a girl _ I thought was your sister. A. who B. whom C. which D. what 5. Have you seen the film “Titanic” _ leading actor is world-famous? A. its

8、B. that C. whose D. which A C 1. Finish the exercises on page 29. 2. Read the passage on Page 64 and finish exercises. Unit 4 EarthquakesUnit 4 Earthquakes Unit 4 The Attributive Clause apple the red the green the small the big The apple which is red is mine. The apple which is green is yours. The apple which is red is small. The apple which is green is big. the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty boy The boy is Tom. The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy who is tall is Tom. The

9、 boy who is strong is Tom The boy who is clever is Tom The boy who is naughty is Tom. The kinds of attribute(定语): 1.He is an honest boy. 2.We love our country. 3.Whats your telephone number? 4.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 修饰, 限定 5.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. The positions of the attribute: （定语的位置） 1. This is a flower basket. 2. This is a basket full of flowers. 3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.（单个的词作定语时要放 于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作 定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。） She is the girl who can speak English very well. The Attributive clause 1 定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的 从句叫做定语从句 先行词 引导词 关系词 关系 代词 关系 副词 who whom that which whose when where why 1 The woman is a teacher. 2 The woman lives next door. The woman who lives next door is a teacher. The nurse is kind. The nurse loo

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