实用景观专项与街区设计导则

1 色彩系统导则 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 街道安全 26 27 标识分级 29 34 标识系统 35 标识系统 37 38 39 标识系统 40 标识系统 41 标识系统 42 标识系统 43 导览系统 44 导览系统 45 解说系统 46 47 解说系统 井盖 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 标识设计导则 57 59 60 61 62 城市户外家具及户外设施系统导则 63 城市户外家具及户外设施系统导则 64 城市户外家具及户外设施系统导则 65 城市户外家具及户外设施系统导则 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 智慧城市 A city can be defined as smart when investments in human and social capital and traditional (transport) and modern (ICT) communication infrastructure fuel sustainable economic development and a high quality of life, with a wise management of natural resources, through participatory action and engagement. (Caragliuet al. 2009). To Gildo Seisdedos Domí nguez, the smart city concept essentially means efficiency. Smart City 90 智慧城市 Smart cities can be identified (and ranked) along six main axes or dimensions. In particular, the axes are based - respectively on theories of regional competitiveness, transport and ICT economics, natural resources, human and social capital, quality of life, participation of citizens in the governance of cities. It insists that smart cities are defined by their innovation and their ability to solve problems and use of ICTs to improve this capacity. Smart City 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 通过全面地生态安全格局分析引导城市空间扩展、定义城市空间结构、指导周边土地利用。将生态 基础设施延伸到城市结构内部，与城市绿地系统、雨洪管理、休闲游憩、非机动车道路、遗产保护 和环境教育等多种功能相结合。 芝加哥罗根广场社区城市设计 （Urban Design of Logan Square Neighborhood of Chicago） 都市农业、绿色基础设施、社区绿色廊道 生态安全格局构建 101 充分解读场地、地形地貌与环境状况，坚持低影响开发策略。通过土地规划和工程设计途 径，将城市水循环系统（包括雨水、地表径流、废水中水管理和利用）融进城市设计，以 减少环境恶化，提高环境质量。 应付极端雨洪能力强 可抵御20年一遇 洪水 建设成本可以低，易于维护 提升动物栖息地 城市大面积恢复自然景观 绿道慢行系统结合 低影响开发和水敏感城市设计 （LID,WSUD,SUDS） 102 滞留 Detention 下渗 Infiltration 过滤 Filtration 雨水收集 Rain water harvesting 新加坡加冷河 低影响开发和水敏感城市设计 （LID,WSUD,SUDS） 103 Green Roof 绿色屋面Pervious Pavement 透水路面 Infiltration Trench 渗透沟渠 Bioretention 生态滞留带 Bioretention Drainage 生态滤水带Porus Paving 透水性多孔铺装 低影响开发和水敏感城市设计 （LID,WSUD,SUDS） Wet Ponds 湿溏Dry Ponds 干溏 Grass Swale 生态草沟 Constructed Wetland 人工湿地 低影响开发和水敏感城市设计 （LID,WSUD,SUDS） 105 生态滤水带 Bioretention Drainage 106 透水性多孔铺装 Porus Paving Benefits: reduce the amount of impervious surfaceson your block increase groundwater recharge by allowing the water to soak through the soil improve stormwater quality by filtering stormwater and reducing pollutant loads reduce high flows entering the waterway from urban areas causing stream erosion and habitat scouring 107 Drainage Layout Surface Layout Benefits： Preventing erosion of the filter medium Taking up nutrients and water Continuously breaking up the media through plant growth to prevent clogging of the system Providing biofilms on plant roots onto which pollutants can adsorb. 108 Raingardens are typically limited in their ability to reduce Total Nitrogen (TN). Relating typical performance to a percentage of the impervious catchment. Best practice targets are the removal of: 45% TN 45% Total Phosphorus (TP) 80% Total Suspended Solids (TSS). 雨水花园的土壤净化能力 The Soil Purification Ability of The Raingarden 109 中央道路和道路绿化可改装成雨水收集器 Medians and vegetated road verges can be retrofitted to accept stormwater for treatment 110 生态草沟 Vegetated swales and buffer strips 111 雨水花园草沟 RaingardenSwale A raingarden can be installed in part of a swale, or along the full length of a swale, depending on treatment requirements. Typically, these systems should be installed with 1-4% slopes. In steeper areas, check dams are required to reduce flow velocities. For milder slopes, its important to ensure adequate drainage is provided to avoid nuisance ponding (a raingarden along the full length of the swale will provide this drainage). Runoff can be directed into raingarden swales either through direct surface runoff (e.g. with flush kerbs) or from an outlet of a pipe system. 112 过滤树池 Raingarden Tree Pits Differences Vegetation selection (i.e. the tree species) Smaller footprint Structural soil properties (media) Landscape finishes. Consider the relationship with surrounding infrastructure: Location of street trees to integrate with existing stormwater infrastructure, in particular: location of stormwater pits levels at the road surface levels for the stormwater lines that will receive treated water from street tree drainage. Identification and location of existing services（gas, electricity, telecommunication, water, sewerage）. 113 过滤树池 Raingarden Tree Pits Plan section Cross section 114 雨水花园 Raingarden % passing 9.5 mm 100 % 6.3 mm 95-100 % 3.17 mm 80-100 % 1.5 mm 50-85 % 0.8 mm 25-60 % 0.5 mm 10-30 % 0.25 mm 2-10 % % passing 1.4 mm 100 % 1.0 mm 80 % 0.7 mm 44 % 0.5 mm 8.4 % Filter layer is to be 600mm deep and consist of sand with 80% greater than 1 mm diameter Drainage layer to be 200mm deep and consist of 5 mm gravel 雨水花园 Rain Garden 116 湖泊湿地循环系统 System of Recirculating Between Pond and Wetland Benefits: Particle sedimentation Adsorption of nutrients by phytoplankton UV disinfec