新编英语教程5unit1课件
Unit One TEXT I Hit the Nail on the Head (恰到好处;一语中的),I. Pre-reading Questions 1. Suggested Answer (SA): It means exactly right in words or action. 2. SA: The author advises that the English students should try to get the words, phrases and sentences completely right for their purposes in their writing.,III. Library Work 1. 1) Gustave Flaubert (1821 1880), French novelist, was associated with, though not representative of, the movement of naturalism and known as one of the greatest realists of 19th-century France. He devoted his life to long hours spent in heavy toil over his work. His writing is marked by exactness and accuracy of observation, extreme impersonality and objectivity of treatment, and precision and expressiveness in style, or the principle of the mot juste.,1. 2) Mrs. Malaprop is a famous character in Sheridans comedy The Rivals (1775). She is noted for her blunders in the use of words. “As headstrong(不受管束的) as an allegory(比方;寓言) (alligator) on the banks of the Nile” is one of her grotesque(荒唐的)misapplications. She also requests that no delusions(欺骗;迷惑)(allusions) to the past be made. She has given us the word malapropism(用词错误,尤指误用发音相似而意义全非的词)as a name for such mistakes.,2. Hindi(印地语)is a literary and official language of northern India. Swahili(斯瓦希里语)is a Bantu(班图) language that is a trade and governmental language over much of East Africa and in the Congo region. Bantus are people belonging to a group of tribes found in equatorial and southern Africa. IV. Organization of the Text 1. An analogy between the unskilled use of the hammer and the improper choice of words (Paragraph 1),2. The significance of finding the right words (Paragraphs 2 - 3) 3. Semantic differences between words having the same root (Paragraphs 4 - 7) (1). Example 1 (human vs. humane) (Paragraph 4) (2). Example 2 (anxiety vs. eagerness) (Paragraph 5) (3). Example 3 (singularity vs. singleness) (Paragraphs 6 7),4. Wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations (Paragraph 8) Examples: imprison, contain, sum up, epitomize and distill 5. Stylistic differences between synonyms (Paragraph 9) Examples: in my childhood vs. when I was a child; love to watch vs. love watching; die vs. expire; poor vs. in indigent circum-stances,6. The abundance of specific words in English for general notions (Paragraph 10) 7. Conclusion (Paragraph 11): the importance of a good control and command over known words (A good writer is not measured by the extent of his vocabulary, but by his skill in finding the word that will hit the nail cleanly on the head. ),V. Key Points of the Text Paragraph 1 knock over: hit to fall 捶翻 drive something home: force (the nail) into the right place; make something unmistakably clear 把(钉子等)打入;使明确无误 E.g. (1). He slammed the door and drove the bolt home. 他砰地关上门,把门闩插好。 (2). drive ones point home 讲清楚自己的观点 (3). a voice that drives home each word 字字清晰的说话声,(4). To drive home his policy, the president wrote his second letter. 为了阐明他的政策,总统又写了第二封信。 (5). You must drive it home to John that we dont have enough money. 你必须使约翰明白我们钱确实不够。 deft: effortlessly skillful 熟练的 hit it squarely on the head: hitting it directly on the head. Also hit the (right) nail on the head: (informal) be exactly right in words or action 正中要害;猜中;说得好,做得好,E.g. : (1). Your criticism really hit the nail on the head. 你的批评确是一针见血。 (2). In so saying, you hit the right nail on the head. 你这样说确是击中要害。 squarely: meaning “directly”, may be used both literally and figuratively. E.g. : (1). The boxer hit his opponent squarely on the jaw. (2). We must face the difficulty squarely.,Paragraph 1,clean English: English that is exact (precise) and clear a word that is more or less right: a word that is almost right, but not completely right 差不多恰当的词语 Question 1: Which phrase in this paragraph marks a contrast between a clumsy man and a skillful carpenter? SA: On the other hand.,Paragraph 1,Question 2: Which sentence in Paragraph 1 establishes the link between the driving of a nail and the choice of a word? SA: So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly.,Paragraph 2 Question 1: What does the word “this” in Sentence 1 refer to? SA: Getting the word that is completely right for the writers purpose. scrupulous writers: writers who are thorough, exact, and who pay careful attention to details 一丝不苟的作家,scrupulous: correct even in the smallest detail; exact; painstaking; meticulous 严格认真的, 审慎的 unscrupulous: 不择手段的, 肆无忌惮的, the opposite of scrupulous, seems to be more often used to describe people who do not care about honesty and fairness in getting what they want, or who are completely without principles. Also by hook or (by) crook: to win by hook or crook,Paragraph 2,Question 2: Do you agree with the author that there is a great deal of truth in the seemingly stupid question “How can I know what I think till I see what I say”? Why or why not?,Paragraph 2,SA: Yes, I do. It sounds irrational