高考英语语法复习专题：第八章强调句和倒装句1

倒 装,. 完全倒装 . 部分倒装 . 不“倒装”,一、完全倒装,1、介词短语作为地点状语放在句首时，句子全倒装。 例如：At the bus are a teacher and two students, on the way home. 2、单个副词放在句首时，句子全倒装。 例如：Here is a book for you. 这样的副词还有here, there, up, down, out, away, now, then Up went the plane. 但是，当主语是代词就不能倒装。例如： Here you are.（此时主语是代词不用倒装）,二、部分倒装,1、一个词可以代替前文所说的情况：so （承前肯定）、nor、 neither （承前否定）等。 You can speak English , so can I (speak). You cant speak English , nor/neither can I (speak). 2、“only + 状语”放在句首时，句子需要倒装。 Only by working hard can you achieve your goal. Only in this way can we solve this problem successfully and effectively. Only on Sundays does he go home.,3、一些表示否定意义的副词，放在句首，如：seldom, rarely , little, few , never, nowhere , not until, not, never, neither, seldom, little, nowhere, hardly, scarcely, rarely, no longer,此时句子部分倒装。 Nowhere in the world can you find a man who loves you so much. Not until he came back did I leave. (注意：只能是主句的主谓倒装) 4、复合句当中，有一些表示一旦就的句型，如Hardly / Scarcelywhen, no soonerthan, Hardly / Scarcely或后紧跟的句子要用部分倒装。 5、一部分含有no 的词组放在句首：by no means, no longer, in no case, in no way，on no account，under no condition 等。,6、由as/though 引导的让步状语从句的部分倒装，其结构有三种： A、表语（名词，形容词或分词）+ as/though + 主语 + 系动词 Young as he is, he is very experienced. B、副词 + as/though + 主语 +谓语 C、行为动词/（行为动词+宾语）+ as/though + 主语 + 助动词/情态动词 7、虚拟语气的倒装：将连词if省去，助动词were , had或情态动词should , could提前到主语前面 Were he to leave today, he would get there by Monday. Had I known what was going to happen, I would never have done such a thing. 本来为If I had known what,不“倒装”,一、 在特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或者作主语的修饰语时，不能倒装。如： What on earth happened to the old man last night? 昨晚那老人究竟发生了什么情况？ 二、以副词in，here, there, out, up, down, off, back, away等开头的句子，如果主语是人称代词时，不能倒装。如： Here they come. 他们来了。 Up they climbed. 他们爬上来了。 三、 当only放在句首修饰的是主语而不是状语时，不能倒装。如： Only the students are allowed to enter the room. 只允许学生进入这个房间。,四、当not only.but also., neither.nor.连接两个主语时，不能倒装。如： Not only beginners but also teachers make such mistakes. Not only food production is important but also taking care of the environment.= Not only food production but also taking care of the environment is important. Neither you nor your teacher is allowed to see the patient. 你和你的老师都不能探视这个病人。 五、 how和what引导的感叹句不能倒装。如： How serious the problem of AIDS! 艾滋病的问题多严重啊！ What a great project the bridge is! 建这桥是多么伟大的一个工程啊！ 六、 以whatever和however等引导让步状语从句时，不能倒装。如： Whatever book you want to buy, please check the prices. 无论你要买什么书，请先看看价钱。,