2017-2018高中英语北师大版必修1：Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Grammar
Section_Grammar单元语法项目(一)一般现在时和现在进行时语法图解探究发现What do you do at weekends?Do you often study at weekends?I often watch TV series, sport and news.I seldom have time for fun and other activities with my family.Light travels faster than sound.The train leaves at 7 oclock tomorrow morning.We are learning English at the moment.Listen, shes now complaining about her lunch.Brian Blakey is sitting on his sofa.Brians wife is working as a secretary.我的发现(1)句使用了一般现在时；其谓语动词的构成是：动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式。(2)句使用了现在进行时；其谓语动词的构成是：动词ing形式。(3)一般现在时的时间状语：at_weekends,_often,_seldom等。(4)现在进行时的时间状语：at_the_moment,_now等。一、一般现在时(一)构成和句式肯定式：主语do/does或be(am, is, are)其他否定式：主语do/doesnot或be(am, is, are)not其他疑问式：Do/Does或Be(Am, Is, Are)主语其他(二)用法1表示经常、反复或习惯性的动作常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every time/day/month/year ., once a day/month/year ., now and then, at the weekend等时间状语连用。I leave home for school at 7 oclock every morning.我每天早晨七点钟离开家去学校。She often answers some personal emails at the weekend.她经常在周末回复一些私人邮件。即时演练1用所给词的适当形式填空On Monday mornings it usually takes (take) me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.We sometimes play (play) basketball after school.I always do (do) my homework on weekends.2表示主语目前所处的状态、个性特征、能力等I love to get together with my friends.我喜欢和我的朋友在一起。We have a very good relationship with the children.我们与孩子们相处得非常融洽。即时演练2(1)单句语法填空He likes (like) playing basketball while his brother loves (love) surfing the Internet.Ann writes (write) good English but does not speak well.(2)单句改错This machine didnt work.It hasnt worked for years. didntdoesnt3表示客观真理、客观存在或科学事实The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转动。Two and four makes six.二加四等于六。名师点津此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.我上小学时就知道了地球围绕太阳转。即时演练3(1)完成句子The teacher told us all the live things on the earth depend_on_the_sun (依靠太阳)My mother always tells us that failure_is_the_mother_of_success (失败是成功之母)(2)单句改错My geography teacher told us oceans covered more than 70 percent of the earths surface.coveredcover4表示将来发生的动作表示按规定、计划等预计要发生的动作，只限于go，come, leave, start, arrive, return, begin, take off等动词(词组)。The flight takes off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday.飞机每星期三、五2：30起飞。The film starts at 7 oclock this morning.这部电影于今天上午7点整开始。即时演练4用所给词的适当形式填空According to the timetable, the flight No.232 to Beijing leaves (leave) at 10：30 am. Wed better set out right now, or well be late.The concert begins (begin) at 7：30 and ends (end) at 9：30.The plane takes (take) off at 11：30 and arrives (arrive) in Shanghai at 1：20.5用于时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中在由when, after, before, as soon as, the minute, until, if, unless, once, as long as, though, although等引导的时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时来代替将来时，这时主句常用一般将来时。If you work hard, you will succeed in passing the exam.如果你努力学习，你就会通过这次考试。We will go out for a walk as soon as the rain stops.雨一停我们就出去散步。即时演练5完成句子(2014·湖南高考改编)Whenever you buy_a_present (买礼物), you should think about it from the receivers point of view.(2014·大纲卷改编)Unless some extra money is_found (被找到), the theatre will close.(2014·重庆高考改编)Youd better write down her phone number before you_forget_it (你忘掉它)二、现在进行时(一)构成和句式肯定式：主语be(am, is, are)doing其他否定式：主语be(am, is, are)notdoing其他疑问式：Be(Am, Is, Are)主语doing其他(二)用法1表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态常与时间状语now, right now, at the moment等连用，如果句子中出现提示语如look, listen, hurry (up)等也经常用现在进行时。Dont make any noise.The baby is sleeping now.不要吵，孩子正在睡觉。Look！He is flying a kite.看！他正在放风筝。即时演练6用所给词的适当形式填空(2014·北京高考改编) Hi, lets go skating.Sorry, Im busy right now. I am_filling (fill) in an application form for a new job.(2013·北京高考改编)Hurry up！Mark and Carol are_expecting (expect) us.Listen! Someone is_singing (sing) in the next room.2表示现阶段正在进行，但说话时动作不一定进行常与时间状语at present, these days, nowadays等连用。How are you getting on with your study these days?近来你的学习怎样？At present, scientists are looking for a cure for cancer.目前，科学家们正在寻找治愈癌症的方法。即时演练7完成句子We cant move in; the house is_being_painted (正在被粉刷) at present.We are_eating_a_lot_of_seafood (吃很多海鲜) in Qingdao these days.He is_writing_a_novel (正在写一部小说) nowadays.3表示反复出现或习惯性的动作常与always, forever, constantly, all the time等搭配使用，隐含说话人的赞扬、喜好或厌恶等情绪。She is always helping people.(赞扬)她总是乐于助人。He is constantly talking loudly in public。(厌恶)他总是在公共场合大声说话。即时演练8完成句子He is_always_complaining_about (老是抱怨) his work.He is_always_thinking_more_of_himself (总是为自己想得多) but little of others.4表示按计划或安排即将发生的事动词go, come, start, begin, move, win, leave, run out, take off, return等可用现在进行时表将来。Are you still very busy?Yes, I am just finishing the report for the manager and it wont take long.你还很忙吗？是的。我快要完成经理的报告，它不会用多长时间了。Mr Harry, we want to
