美国paper写作--移民政策

摆渡论文网（www.baydue.com）-专业留学生作业辅导中心美国paper写作-移民政策1776-1965年的移民政策在1776美利坚合众国成立的基础上，该国启动了一百年的开放式移民，几乎没有任何严格的移民选择工具，因为美国的经济政策保护了自己不受欧洲商品的影响，刺激了对工厂劳动力的大量需求。Immigration policies in 1776-1965With the foundation of the United States of America in 1776, the country initiated a one hundred-year open immigration hardly without any strict immigrants selection apparatus because US economic policies protected itself from the influence of European goods, stimulating much demand for factory labor.The immigration after Civil War in 1865-1880 declined sharply and while in 1870s, several groups of immigrants such as convicts and prostitutes were to be excluded. Next, firstly based on the racial discrimination, The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 imposed restrictions on a countrys immigration after taking advantage of and benefiting from Chinese migrant labor for a long period. And in 1917, the “Asiatic barred zone” was then put forward to expand the race restrictions to the whole Asian. Also in this period, another federal law excluding the African or black immigrants was issued. The Immigration Act of 1924 defined a country selection system and also proposed a numerical restriction for the immigrants. But the numerical restriction leaded to the mass illegal entry of immigrants and the corresponding issues of illegal aliens.The Depression in the 1930s brought bad impacts to the US economy as well as the immigration policies. There was little immigration in this period and there were about 500,000 Mexican immigrants who were repatriated to their own country even though at least half of them had possessed the status of American citizen (US legal residence, US citizenship or birth in the US), which means the citizenship could not defeat the race (Lopez 27).The US after the World War II was in need of after war reconstruction, economy development and the corresponding essential productive factors, and thus the Mexican Bracero guest workers were recruited and therefore the number of Mexican immigrants peaked at 455,000 in the mid-1950s (Martins 14).Immigration policies in 1965-2017In 1965, the US banned the country selection system, abolished the “Asiatic barred zone” and largely dismantled the racial discrimination in American immigration policies. The Immigration Act of 1990 was a federal law representative of a series of immigration policies taking qualitative factors such as skills and education of immigrants into consideration to attract and recruit more and more high quality labor from global labor market to sustain and motive the domestic economy (Chishti and Stephen 1).In the first decade of the 21 century, US government has proposed many policies to settle the problem of mass illegal immigrants such as border fencing and protection strategies, mandatory E-Verify system, immigration point system, foreign immigrants working authorization and etc., In 2008, Obama advocated enforcing labor and immigration laws in the workplace to protect all workers including illegal immigrant workers (Martin 20). But the most severe economic recession in 50 years leaded to unemployment including the illegal immigrant workers and the ending of legalizing the illegal immigrants. Even the state and local governments continued to issue the severely restrictive laws to constraint the illegal migration. In 2017, Trump signed the executive order of “Protecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States” and "Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States" to strengthen the strict immigration enforcement to limit the refugees into the US and implement the removal and detention and etc., to secure American public safety.Overall development pathThe U.S. and global economies have experienced several periodic cycles of change. When the U.S. economy needed the development momentum (labor force) to boost the domestic economy, the immigration restrictions would be relaxed and broadened because the foreign immigrants could stimulate the economic vitality and competitiveness. The apparatus of immigration enforcement would be relatively loose. But the domestic economic stagnation or the world economic downturn would encourage the United States to shut out immigration and strengthen the intensity of strict immigration enforcement (Gross).On the basis of American history of the immigration policies, we can conclude that the American society generally acknowledges that immigrant is an important element of the labor force as well as a productive resource promotes economic growth and social development and is also worried about a series of social problems including population, traffic, crime, civil security and so on brought by immigration (Comedy Partners). From both historically and contemporarily, the government of United States has adjusted the immigration policies, controlled the quantity and quality of immigrants and implemented the selective enforcement of the laws and r