焊接专业英语 教学课件 ppt 作者 洪宇翔 Unit 8
Unit 8,Text,Machine Elements,New Words and Phrases,combination kmbi'nein n. 组合，结合 individual indi'vidjul a. 单独的，各个的，个别的，特殊的 component km'punnt n. 元件，构件，部件 dismantle dis'mæntl vt. 分解（机器），拆开，拆卸 nut nt n. 螺母 spring spri n. 弹簧，板簧，簧片，弹力，弹性 v. 弹回，弹跳 gear gi n. 仪器，装置，（机动车辆的）传动装置，排挡齿轮,bolt bult n. 螺栓，（门、窗等的）插销 cam kæm n. 凸轮，偏心轮，样板，靠模，仿形板 lever 'li:v n. 杠杆，控制杆，操作杆 shaft :ft n. 柱身，连杆，传动轴的旋转轴 machinery m'i:nri n. 机器 perform p'f:m n. 执行，完成，做 associate 'suieit n. 联合，结合，参加，连带 key ki: n. 键，电键，开关，楔，销，钥匙 subassembly sbsmbli n. 组合件，部件，机组 coupling 'kpli n. 联轴节，联轴器，联结器，联合器,clutch klt n. 离合器，联轴器，夹紧装置 fundamentally fndmentl n. （从）根本上 hub hb n. 轮 rotate ru'teit n. （使某物）旋转或转动 evolve i'vlv n. 进化，演变，开展，发展，展开 assemble 'sembl n. 安装，装配，组合，集合，集中 n. 组件 pulley 'puli n. 滑轮（组），滑车，带轮 rivet 'rivit n. 铆钉 v. 铆接，铆 weld weld n. 焊接，熔焊 reliability rlablt n. 可靠性，安全性，准确性,estimate 'estimeit n. 估计，估算，计算，测定，评价 expectancy iks'pektnsi n. 期望，预期 thoroughly 'rli n. 完全地，充分地，彻底地 standardize'stænddaiz n. 标准化，统一标准，标定，校准 establish i'stæbli n. 确定，制定，建立，创办，产生，使固定 dimension di'menn n. 尺寸，尺度，范围，方面 bushing 'bui n. 衬套，轴衬，轴瓦，电（绝缘）套管 uniformityju:nf:mt n. 均匀性，一致性,automotive :t'mutiv n. 自动的，自动车的 crank kræk n. 曲轴 refer to 指的是，称为，涉及，关于 capable of 能够做的 combine with与结合,Notes,1 Thus, if a machine is completely dismantled, a collecting of simple parts remains such as nuts, bolts, springs gears, cams and shafts the building block of all machinery. 因此，如果把机床完全拆开，就可以得到像螺母、弹簧、齿轮、凸轮及轴等简单零件 所有机器的标准元件。 If 引导条件状语从句，表示“如果” 2 Sometimes certain elements are associated in pairs. 某些特定的元件必须完成对地工作。 be associated in pairs意为“成对地结合”，又如：I associated with him in business.我与他合伙经商。,3 The most common example of a machine is a gear, which, fundamentally, is a combination of the wheel and the lever to form a toothed wheel. The rotation of this gear on a hub or shaft drives other gear that may rotate faster or slower depending upon the number of teeth on the basic wheels. 机器零件中最常见的是齿轮，它实际上是有轮子和杆组成的带有齿的轮子。在轴套或轴上旋转的齿轮驱动其他齿轮作加速或减速运动，这取决于主动齿轮的齿数。 Which 引导非限定性定语从句，修饰gear, 不定式短语 to form a toothed wheel 作结果状语。分词短语depending upon作原因状语。,4 The supporting structure may be assembled with bolts or rivets or by welding. 支撑可由螺栓或铆钉或通过焊接固定在一起。 be assembled with意为“由安装”，by welding作方式状语。,Exercises,. Answer the following questions according to the text. 1. What is a machine element? 2. Which is the most common machine element? 3. What are other fundamental machine elements? 4. Which machine elements are standardized in the automotive industry?,. Mark the following statements with T(true) or F(false) according to the text. 1. Gears are used as building blocks for the construction of most devices, apparatus, and machinery. 2. A pair of gears with different numbers of teeth will rotate at different speeds. 3. Spur gears and bevel gears are different in their applications because their shapes are different. 4. The most common machine element is the gear from which other fundamental machine elements have developed. 5. A coupling is a machine element, which joins two shafts. 6. All machine parts have been developed into standardized designs.,. Choose the best answer according to the text. 1. In paragraph 1 sentence 2,“these building blocks”refer to_. A. machine elements B. devices, apparatus, and machinery 2.In paragraph 3 sentence 2,“it”refers to_. A. the brake B. a wheel C. the shaft 3. In paragraph 3 sentence 4,“it” refers to_. A. the pulley B. the shaft C. the wheel 4. In the last sentence op paragraph 3 “these machine elements” refer to_. A. bolts and rivets B. wheels, shafts, bearing, clutches, couplings, etc,IV. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. The most common machine element is the gear, which combines the feature of the wheel and the lever to form a toothed wheel. 2. The hardness of a gear determines its ability to resist wear. 3. Manufacturing engineers have centered their efforts on the development of standardized elements. 4. These parts are produced in large quantities with a high degree of perfection at reduced cost.,Translating Skills,科技英语翻译方法与技巧倒装语序 一、全部倒装 1here, there, only, so, hence, now, then, thus等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。例如： Here was a wave phenomenona transmission of energy through the ether of electro-magnetic waves. 这里是以一个波动现象借助于电磁波通过“以大能媒”来传递能量。,2.表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，如；in, out, away, up, down等，谓语表示运动的动词。例如； Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机发出一枚导弹。 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： 1）Here he comes. 2）Away they went.,3. 表示位置或事物的性质的表语位于句首时，句子通常为全部倒装。例如； Among the circuit diagram were tow resistors;R1 and R2. 在电路图中有两个电阻：R1 和 R2. Obvious are their electronic products' advantages. 他们电子产品的优势很明显。 4. 作为谓语一部分的不定式，现在分词或过去分词位句首时，句子通常为全部倒装。 To be particularly considered are the following questions. 尤其值得考虑的是以下这些问题。,二、部分倒装 1. 某些句子结构要求用倒装语序 1）There be 句型需要倒装，例如
