仁爱版英语七年级下Unit7-topic1-知识清单
仁爱版英语七年级下Unit 7 知识清单Topic 1语法聚焦一般过去式 1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与 a minute ago, two days / months / years ago, yesterday, last year, in those days, just now,in 1990等表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。(1)过去存在的状态。My father was at work yesterday afternoon. (2)过去某个时间发生的动作。 I got up at 6:30 yesterday. (3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year.2. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: (1)am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt) (2)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent) (3)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样, 即否句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 Eg:Were you born in July,1999? Yes, I was./No,I wasnt.3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子(行为动词一般过去时态) 否定句:didnt +动词原形,如:Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。Eg:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形? Eg:What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式? Eg:Who went to home yesterday?4. 动词过去式变化规则: (1) 规则动词一般在动词末尾直接加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked (2) 结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted, move-moved (3) 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节 应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed. 如:stop-stopped, plan-planned (4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed, 如:study-studied (5)不规则动词过去式: am/is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, put-put, make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat,drink-drankSection A1.When was he born,do you know? 你知道他什么时候出生的吗? -He was born in June,1985. 他出生在1985年6月。 (1)was是be动词的过去式之一,用于一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。通常be动词有如下形式变化: was not (A)am,is-过去式-was-否定式- wasnt Be (句子主语为第一、第三人称单数) were not (B) are-过去式-were-否定式- werent (句子主语为第二人称或者第一、二、三人称复数) Be动词的过去式用法与am、is、are在各种句式中的用法一致。(2) be born意为“出生,出世”当说明某人的出生情况时,通常用一般过去时 was born或were born。例如:When was Tom born? 汤姆什么时候出生的? in+年份、月份(3)be born On+具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上例如:Were you born in January? Mike was born on February 17th 1985. of/to 由所生(4)be born On 出身(生)与家庭例如:He was born of/to German parents.他的生身父母是德国人。 She was born into a very musical family.她生于音乐之家。2. fan名词 “崇拜者,.迷,风扇” 例如:He is a big fan of Michael Jackson. I cool myself in front of an electric fan. Section B1.基数词变序数词规律: 一二三特殊记,th从四加起; 八去t,九去e,f来把ve替; ty变成tie, 若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以. 2. -Whats the date today? - Its May 8th. 询问日期和询问星期一样,回答一般用it。在询问过去日期时,谓语动词用was,但是在询问未来日期时,常用一般现在时。 例如- Whats the date tomorrow? - Its June 6th. -What was the date yesterday? -It was August 10th,2008.3.英语中日期有以下两种表示法:美式写法:月份+日期,+年份。如: May 21th ,2001(2001年5月21日) 读作:May (the)twenty-first,two thousand and one.英式写法:日期+月份,+年份。 May 21th ,2001(2001年5月21日) 读作:the twenty-fifth of May,two thousand and one 注意:年份之前的逗号不能省去。4. be coming意为“就要到来”是现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。 运用这种时态的还有 go, leave , arrive等。 例如:The train is 10 arriving at 10 am. I am leaving to minutes later.5. plan既可做动词 (v.),也可做名词(n.)其用法如下: plan to do sth 计划干某事 We plan to run a supermarket next month. 安排,计划 plan sth 计划,安排某事 Were planning a plan .6. celebrate (v.) 庆祝,举行(仪式,庆典)动词 celebration (n.) 庆祝,庆典 名词 celebrated (adj.) 有名的,著名的 形容词 (同义词:famous) 例如:He is a celebrated actor. We will celebrate your birthday with a party. The celebration of our National Day is really amazing. Section C1.Mm, whats the shape of your present? -Its round . -它是圆的。 (1)Whats the shape of ?=What shape is ? 是什么形状的? 例如:Whats the shape of the dust bin? -What shape is the dust bin? (2)round在此处是形容词,作表语,意为“远的、球形的” 例如:I have got a round dish. 拓展:circle 的用法 (1)n. 意为“圆;圈子,社会”等。 例如:Lets make a circle and play a game.(2)v. 意为“画圈,圈出”等。 例如:The teacher asks students to circle the words when they made a mistake.2.What color is it? 它是什么颜色的?-Its black and white.他是黑白相间的。类似短语还有red and white,(红白相间) black and blue译作“青一块,紫一块”。 3.Oh,I get it, Its a soccer ball.噢!我明白了,它是个足球。 I get it.=I see.意为“我明白了” ,“我知道了”,此句中get的意思为“明白、理解, 相当于know或understand”。但get在不同的语境中可有不同含义。 例如:I get a letter today. Well be late. Lets get a taxi.4.How long / wide is it? 它有多长?-Its 24 centimeters long / wide. How long 既可询问物体长度,也可询问时间长短。