上海市浦东新区高三上学期期末质量检测英语---精校精品解析Word版
www.ks5u.com浦东新区高三年级第一学期期末质量检测英语试卷考生注意:1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名。I. Listening ComprehensionSection AII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Is Climate Change Consuming Your Favorite Foods?Due to climate change, the worlds endangered lists are no longer just for animals. We may not only need to adapt ourselves to living in a warmer world but a _21_ (tasty) one as well.As the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the air linked to global warming _22_ (continue) to affect weather, we often forget that they are also impacting the quantity, the quality, and the growing locations of our food. Some foods have already felt the impact while _23_ may even become scarce within the next 30 years.Whether or not you try to limit yourself _24_ one cup of coffee a day, the effects of climate change on the world's coffee-growing regions may leave you little choice.Rising temperatures and unpredictable rainfall patterns are reported to have been threatening coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia, and Hawaii. The result? Significant cuts in coffee yield.According to organizations like Australia's Climate Institute, half of the present coffee-producing areas _25_ (estimate) not to be suitable by the year 2050, if current climate patterns continue.With temperatures continuously rising, oceans are absorbing some of the heat and undergoing warming of their own, _26_ (cause) a decline in fish population, including in lobsters that are cold-blooded creatures, and in salmons (鲑鱼) _27_ eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temperatures. Warmer waters also encourage some poisonous marine bacteria to grow and lead to illness in humans whenever _28_ (take) with raw seafood, like oysters.And how about that satisfying “crack” which you get when you are eating crabs and lobsters? It could be silenced _29_ shellfish have been struggling to build their calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) shells, which is a result of ocean acidification.Even worse is the possibility _30_ we will have no seafood to enjoy at all. In a 2006 Dalhousie University study, scientists predicted that if over-fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate, the world's seafood stocks would run out by the year 2050.【答案】21. less tasty 22. continues/is continuing 23. others 24. to 25. are estimated 26. causing 27. whose 28. taken 29. because/since/as 30. that【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了气候变化对于人类食物的影响。【21题详解】考查副词。句意：我们可能不但要适应更炎热的天气，而且能吃到的美食也更少了。前后句意表示转折，表示能吃到的美食也更少了。所以用less来修饰tasty one。故填less tasty。【22题详解】考查一般现在时/现在进行时。句意：随着与全球变暖有关的二氧化碳含量的增加继续影响着天气，我们常常忘记它们也影响着我们食物的数量、质量和生长地点。分析句子可知，本句为as引导的时间状语从句，表示现在一直发生的情况，从句的时态用一般现在时或者现在进行时，主语为the increased amount of carbon dioxide，所以谓语为continues/is continuing。故填continues/is continuing。【23题详解】考查代词。句意：一些食物已经感受到了影响，而另一些甚至可能在未来30年内变得稀缺。分析句子可知，句子缺少主语。someothers “一些另一些”，为固定用法，所以空处填others。故填others.【24题详解】考查介词。句意：无论你是否试图每天只喝一杯咖啡，气候变化对世界咖啡种植区的影响可能让你别无选择。limitto“把限制在”为固定用法。故填to。【25题详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：根据澳大利亚气候研究所等组织的数据，如果目前的气候模式继续下去，到2050年估计目前一半的咖啡产区不适合种植咖啡。分析句子可知，从句为一般现在时，主语为half of the present coffee-producing areas，谓语为estimate，主语与谓语为被动关系，用被动语态。所以空处填are estimated。故填are estimated。【26题详解】考查现在分词。句意：随着气温的不断上升，海洋吸收了部分热量并经历了自身的变暖，导致鱼类数量下降，包括冷血生物龙虾和鲑鱼，它们的卵在较高的水温下很难生存。分析句子可知，cause与之前的句意在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词causing。故填causing。【27题详解】考查关系代词。句意：随着气温的不断上升，海洋吸收了部分热量并经历了自身的变暖，导致鱼类数量下降，包括冷血生物龙虾和鲑鱼，它们的卵在较高的水温下很难生存。分析句子可知，salmons为先行词在后面定语从句中作eggs的定语，所以用关系代词whose。故填whose。【28题详解】考查省略句。句意：温暖的海水也会促使一些有毒的海洋细菌生长。每当它与海鲜一起被食用时，如牡蛎，就会给人类带来疾病。分析句子可知，本句为时间状语从句的省略句，还原后的句子为：whenever it is taken，因为时间状语从句的谓语动词是is，所以it is被省略。故填taken。【29题详解】考查连词。句意：而你在咬碎螃蟹或龙虾（crab and lobster）的壳时将不再听到令人满足的噼啪声，因为甲壳类水生动物由于海洋酸化将难以长出坚硬的碳酸钙壳。分析句子可知，本句缺少从属连词，根据句意可知，本句缺少表示原因的从属连词，所以用because/since/as。 故填because/since/as。【30题详解】考查连接词。句意：更糟的结果是再也吃不到海鲜。分析句子可知，possibility后接同位语从句。同位语从句句子成分完整，句意完整，所以空处填连接词that。故填that。【点睛】状语从句中的主谓省略 在以if、when、though、unless、as、as if等连词引导的从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，而且从句中的谓语动词是be，可以将状语从句中的主谓省略。 如果从句主谓语是it is或it was，可以省略主谓结构，if it is possible, when it is necessary等都是这种结构。分析小题8句子可知，本句为时间状语从句的省略句，还原后的句子为：whenever it is taken，因为时间状语从句的谓语动词是is，所以it is被省略。故填taken。Section BDirections: Fill in each blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Workforce of the FutureThe workplace is changing rapidly. Rather than the standard working day of nine to five, employees are working more flexibly to meet their busy home lives. Advances in technology a
