2016-2017学年高中英语unit5launchingyourcareersection3usinglanguage知能达标新人教版选修

Unit 5 Launching your career Section 3 Using Language .阅读理解A(2016·吉林高三质检)Travel is exciting and summer is a busy period for holiday travel.Many people will travel great distances in airplanes，cars or other vehicles.Experts say people should know about other health problems that can strike when travelling by air.One of these is a condition called hypoxia(缺氧症)It results from a lack of oxygen to the brain.Experts say the body begins losing oxygen minutes after an airplane leaves the ground.The air pressure in an airplane during flight is lower than at sea level.This makes it more difficult for the body to effectively use the same amount of oxygen as it would on the ground.Fewer oxygen molecules (分子) cross the tissues (组织) in the lungs and reach the bloodstream.The result is a five to twenty percent drop in the amount of oxygen in the blood.This reduces the amount of oxygen that reaches the organs of the body.One effect of this lack of oxygen to the brain is a headache.When this happens，the heart attempts to fix_the_situation by beating harder and faster.This can make the traveller feel tired.These signs of hypoxia are not dangerous in a healthy person.But a drop in oxygen level can cause a health emergency in people with heart or lung problems.They might lose consciousness or even suffer a heart attack.Experts say that smoking cigarettes and drinking alcoholic liquids also reduce the body's ability to use oxygen.So they suggest that people not drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes either before or during a flight.They also say persons with heart or lung problems should seek advice from their doctors before flying.【语篇解读】本篇为科普知识类文章。旅行是一件令人兴奋的事，但同时要注意健康问题，比如说乘坐飞机时有人会得缺氧症。如重视不够，也会危及生命。1The author writes the passage mainly to _.Awarn people in airplanes of possible dangersBoffer some advice on avoiding health problemsCexplain the causes and effects of hypoxiaDadvise people not to smoke or drink alcohol【解析】主旨大意题。本文开始先阐明了缺氧症的成因，然后又说明了它对人体可能会带来的负面影响及伤害。【答案】C2According to the passage，what leads to hypoxia?AThe brain lacks enough oxygen.BThe air pressure in a plane is too high.COur body needs less oxygen during take off.DThe bloodstream contains no oxygen molecules.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It results from a lack of oxygen to the brain.”可推知缺氧症是由大脑供氧不足而导致的。【答案】A3The underlined part “fix the situation”in Paragraph 4 means “_”Ause more oxygen it needsBincrease the air pressureCreduce the amount of bloodDbump more blood to the brain【解析】词义猜测题。大脑缺氧会导致头痛，为了给大脑补充氧气，心脏只能用力而快速地跳动来向大脑输送更多的血液，以此来为大脑补充氧气。【答案】D4Why should passengers not smoke or drink before flying?AThey weaken the body's ability to use oxygen.BSmoking may pollute the air inside the airplane.CDrinking alcohol may raise one's blood pressure.DDrinking is forbidden at the airport.【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Experts say that smoking cigarettes and drinking alcoholic liquids also reduce the body's ability to use oxygen.”可推知。【答案】ABThe custom of celebrating from the end of January until mid­February has long been popular in Quebec City，Canada.The first large Winter Carnival here，in the world's snow capital，took place in 1894.Faced with winter's hardships，the city's population made this popular tradition into a winter celebration that warmed the hearts of all people.Interrupted by two wars and then the economic crisis of 1929，the Carnival was held from time to time until the second half of the 20th century.In 1954，a group of business people restarted the festivities.That year，Bonhomme was born and was elected the event's representative.The next year，the first official Quebec Winter Carnival took place.The Carnival snowballed into a big event and was important for tourism and economic activity in the city.From one winter to the next，the Carnival enriched its activity programme.They have since added even more popular activities，such as winter sports，snow sculptures(雕塑)，and activities based on the traditional Quebec lifestyle, such as dogsled(狗拉雪橇) races.The Quebec Winter Carnival is the largest winter carnival in the world today，and is third on the list of Top Carnivals after the famous carnivals in Rio and New Orleans.1960The people living along Rue SainteTherese created many snow or ice sculptures，and this location became known as Carnival Street.1964The name of Bonhomme Carnival and his image became registered trademarks.1970A new tradition was born: closing the event with a firework display.1975A new activity，called The Break，was created，on Friday from noon till midnight.Many employers gave their employees time off so they could go dancing at the Quebec City Convention Centre.The event continued to be held until 1986，sometimes late into the night.1977Until 1991，the Carnival offered a children's sculpture competition.1987The snow bath became part of the programme.1999Because of the importance of volunteers，the human