知识产权保护与高端制造业的研发投入产出和外源性融资
摘 要摘 要当前,我国处在经济发展转型升级的关键阶段,高端制造业在我国制造业全面发展中处于核心环节,是需要在当下提升国际竞争力的首要行业,关系到经济发展模式转变的成败,也是实现中华民族复兴所依赖的行业高端制造业在市场经济竞争中长期生存兴旺的关键就是要始终保持强大的核心竞争力,研发能力和自主知识产权在核心竞争力中处于首要地位,知识产权保护对高端制造业的研发投入研发效率和外源性融资活动起到十分重要的作用本文以静态面板和动态GMM面板回归方法,考察了知识产权保护制度对制造业高端制造业低端制造业的研发投入和产出和融资水平的影响作用,然后进一步地研究了知识产权保护对高端制造业中不同行业的影响的敏感度,发现如下结论:(1)企业知识产权保护制度对制造业企业的R&D投入具有正向激励作用,且对于技术密集度高的高端制造业,其激励作用更为明显针对高端制造业中分类不同的子行业,知识产权保护制度的激励作用存在差异(2)企业知识产权保护制度对制造业企业的R&D产出具有正向激励作用,且对于技术密集度高的高端制造业,其激励作用更为明显针对高端制造业中分类不同的子行业,知识产权保护制度的激励作用存在差异甚至对某些行业的技术创新TTG活动,起到抑制的作用(3)企业知识产权保护制度对制造业企业的债权融资具有正向激励作用,且对于技术密集度高的高端制造业,其激励作用更为明显但对于技术密集度低的企业,知识产权保护制度对其债权融资没有起到正向激励的作用(4)企业知识产权保护制度对制造业企业的股权融资具有正向激励作用,但其系数不显著,且对于技术密集度高的高端制造业,敏感系数有所增加但同样不显著基于以上结论,提出下列可行性建议和参考政策: (1)强化知识产权的司法保护加强知识产权保护,对优化创新环境,鼓励制造业企业创造和创新活动，特别针对高端制造业企业，建立合理的知识产权法律保护体系,符合其实质发展需求充分发挥知识产权保护制度在引导产业结构调整与升级促进创新能力的作用 (2)建立合理的知识产权法律保护体系，符合其实质发展需求在传统外源性融资模式和渠道的基础上,开发以知识产权作为有价资产的为核心的全新融资模式,考虑将知识产权的许可使用权作为知识产权中的一项重要的财产权利,知识智力成果的所有权与使用权分离,转化为高端制造业企业的内在经济价值关键词:知识产权保护,高端制造业,R&D投入产出,外源性融资 56ABSTRACTABSTRACT At present, China is in a crucial stage of transformation and upgrading the mode of economic development. High-end manufacturing industries are in the core areas of China's economic development, thus at the moment to enhance the international competitiveness ,which is not only related to the success or failure of economic development mode transformation, but also the Chinese nation revival. The key to long-term survival of high-end manufacturing in the highly competitive world is to remain prosperous and strong core competitiveness, and research and development capabilities and intellectual property rights in the primacy of the core competitiveness. Therefore, the roles of intellectual property protection in the development of high-end manufacturing industries R & D investment, R & D efficiency and external financing are eagerly needed to be understood comprehensively and in-depth. In this paper, the static and dynamic panel GMM panel regression method was employed to study the differential impact of intellectual property protection on R&D funding level inputs and outputs of high-end manufacturing and traditional manufacturing industries. As a further step, the impact of the intellectual property protection on R & D investment, R & D efficiency and external financing of different high-end manufacturing industries was analysed. Through the above study,the following conclusions could be concluded:Intellectual property protection system have positive incentives on equity financing of manufacturing enterprises, but its coefficient is not significant, while for technology-intensive high-end manufacturing, exhibiting higher sensitivity coefficient, yet also not significant. (1) Intellectual property protection system has positive incentive effects on manufacturing enterprises in R & D investment and for technology-intensive high-end manufacturing industries, the incentive effect is more pronounced. For sub-sectors of high-end manufacturing industries, there are differences in incentive degree by intellectual property protection system. (2) Intellectual property protection system has positive incentive effects on manufacturing enterprises in R & D output, and for technology-intensive high-end manufacturing, the incentive effect is more pronounced. For sub-sectors of high-end manufacturing industries, there are differences incentives. Intellectual property protection systemhas even played the role of inhibition in innovation activity of some industries. . (3) Intellectual property protection system has a positive incentive effect on for manufacturing enterprises debt financing, and for technology-intensive high-end manufacturing, the incentive effect is more pronounced. But for low technology-intensive enterprises, intellectual property protection system does not play a positive role of incentives in its debt financing. (4) Intellectual property protection system have positive incentives on equity financing of manufacturing enterprises, but its coefficient is not significant, while for technology-intensive high-end manufacturing, exhibiting higher sensitivity coefficient, yet also not significant. Based on these conclusions, the feasible recommendations and reference policy were proposed as follows: (1) Strengthening the judicial protection of intellectual property. It is better to strengthen intellectual property protection, improve innovation environment and establish an intellectual property rights protection regime to encourage creativity and innovation. Making full use of intellectual property rights protection in guiding industrial restructuring and upgrading, promoting innovation. (2) Merging knowledge assets and financial capital together in order to achieve a virtuous cycle of demand and supply of funds in the process of innovation. On the basis of the traditional financing channels, it is impor
