英文版讲解—形合及意合
,hypotasis parataxis,Presented by: Lydia Liu,What,Why,How,Definition,01,Hypotaxis: The dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with connectives. e.g.: I shall despair if yon don't come.,Definition,02,Parataxis: The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between them. e.g.: The rain fell; the river flooded; the house washed away.,Explanation,03,西方的哲学思维是分析性的，注重逻辑推理，语句中各成分具有表现语法、逻辑关系的显著外在特征。 相反，汉民族的哲学思维是综合的，注重模糊的思维方式，在语言上主要通过语境和意义来表明逻辑关系。,Example,03,1) 吃素 to abstain from eating meat 2) 吃劳保 to live on pension 3) 吃老本 to live off one's past gains,Hypotaxis,relatives conjunctions,preposition,other connection methods,01,relatives who, whom, whose, that, which, what, when, where, why, how conjunctions and, or, but, yet, so, however, as well as, (n)either (n)or , when, while, as, since, until, so-that, unless, lest,relatives conjunctions,02,It had been a fine, golden autumn, a lovely farewell to those who would lose their youth, and some of them their lives, before the leaves turned again in a peacetime fall.,example,03,with, to, in, of ,about, between, through inside, onto, upon, within, without, throughout according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, on behalf of, with regard to,preposition,04,The many colors of a rainbow range from red on the outside to violet on the inside.,example,05,如形态变化形式，包括词缀变化，动词、名词、代词、形容词和副词的形态变化（如性、数、格、时、体、语态、语气、比较级、人称等）及其保持前后一致的关系(grammatical and notional concord)，广泛使用代词以保持前呼后应的关系。,other connection methods,06,He boasts that a slave is free the moment his feet touch British soil and he sells the children of the poor at six years of age to work under the lash in the factories for sixteen hours a day.,example,Parataxis,word order,repetition、parallelism、antithesis、contrast , etc.,contracted sentences,four-character idioms,01,人（若）不犯我，我（则）不犯人。 We will not attack unless we are attacked. 我不能信任她，因为她不老实。 I can't trust her, because she is not honest.,word order,02,他不来，我不去。（如果他不来，我就不去。） If he won't come here, I'll not go there. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。 As you sow, so will you reap.,repetition、etc.,03,不到黄河心不死。 Until all is over, ambition never dies.,contracted sentences,04,不进则退 Move forward, or you'll fall behind. 物极必反 Once a certain limit is reached, a change in the opposite direction is inevitable.,four-character idioms,CoherenceCohesion,Coherence,Cohesion,Thanks,Lydia Liu,
