许国璋英语第二册第十三课课文、对话、练习

许国璋英语第二册（含课文、对话、阅读、课后练习及答案） 第十三课许国璋英语第二册第十三课（一） 课文：1) 课文原文： THE LAST LESSON Alphonse Daudet( adapted) I was very late that morning on my way to school and was afraid of being scolded. The master had told us he would question us on verbs, and I did not know a thing about them, for I had not studied my lesson. For a moment I thought of playing truant. The air was so warm and bright, and I could hear the blackbirds whistling at the edge of the woods, and the Prussians drilling in the meadow behind the sawmill. I like this much better than learning the rules for verbs, but I did not dare to stop, so I ran quickly towards school. Passing the mayors office, I saw people standing before the little bulletin board. For two years it was there that we had received all the news of battles, of victories and defeats. “What is it now?” I thought, without stopping. Then, as I ran along, the blacksmith, who was there reading the notice, cried out to me, “ Not so fast, little one, you will reach your school soon enough.” I thought he was making fun of me and ran faster than ever, reaching the schoolyard quite out of breath. Usually at the beginning of school, the noise of desks being opened and closed, and lessons repeated at the top of the childrens voices could be heard out in the street. Occasionally the master beat the table with the heavy ruler as he cried, “ Silence, please, silence!” I had hoped to be able to take my seat in all this noise without being seen; but that morning the room was quiet and orderly. Through the open window I saw my schoolmates already in their places. The master was walking up and down the room with the iron ruler under his arm and a book in his hand. As I entered he looked at me kindly, and said, without scolding,” Go quickly to your place, little Franz; we were going to begin without you. You should have been here five minutes ago.” I climbed over my bench and sat down at once at my desk. Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master wore his fine green coat and his black silk embroidered cap. But what surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room. One of them was holding an old spelling book on his knee; and they all looked sadly at the master. While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. “ Children,” he said, “ this is the last time that I shall give you a lesson. An order has come from Berlin that no language but German may be taught in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German. Today is your last lesson in French. I beg you to pay attention.” These words frightened me. This was what they had posted on the bulletin board then! This was what the blacksmith was reading! (to be continued)2) 全文译文： 最后一课 阿方斯·都德 （改写） 那天早上我很晚才去上学，心中害怕要挨训斥。老师说过要问我们动词的问题，可是我没有温习功课，一点也不会。 逃学的念头在我脑子里闪了一下。天气多么暖和，多么晴朗呀！林边树梢上画眉在吟唱，锯木厂后面的草坪上传来普鲁士军人操练的声音。 此情此景比学习动词规则有趣多了，可是我不敢逗留，就赶紧朝学校跑去。 经过镇公所，我看见一群人站在小布告牌前。这两年，我们就是在这儿得到关于战争的各种消息，有打胜仗的，有吃败仗的。 “又有什么事了？”我寻思着，没停下脚步。 我刚跑过去，这时，在那儿看布告的铁匠朝我喊道：“别跑那么快，小家伙，你来得及赶到学校的。” 我以为他是同我开玩笑，便跑得更快了。到学校的时候，已经上气不接下气了。 平时，刚开始上课的时候，在街上就能听到课桌开开关关的乒乓声和孩子们一遍遍高声念课文的读书声。有时，老师还用大戒尺拍打讲桌，喊道：“安静点，请安静点！” 我本想趁着这阵喧闹神不知鬼不觉地溜到自己的座位上。可是这天早上，教室里却安安静静，规规矩矩。 从开着的窗子望进去，我看到同学们已端坐在自己的座位上，老师手里拿着一本书，胳膊下夹着铁戒尺，在教室里走过来走过去。 我走进教室，老师慈祥地看着我，口气不带责备地说：“快到座位上去吧，小弗朗茨，我们就要开始上课了，不准备等你了。你应该5分钟前到教室才是。” 我跨过板凳，坐到座位上。这时我才发现，老师第一次穿上了他那件漂亮的绿上衣，戴着黑色绣边丝帽。 但是最叫我吃惊的是看到教室后面的凳子上坐着好些村民，有个人还在膝上放着一本旧拼写书。他们个个都忧郁地望着老师。 我正感到纳闷，只见老师登上了讲台，对我们说：“孩子们，这是我最后一次给你们上课了。柏林已下令，阿尔萨斯和洛林的学校只准教德语。明天新老师就来教你们德语。今天是你们最后一次法语课，我恳求你们用心听讲。” 听了这几句话，我吓坏了。原来布告牌上讲的是这么回事！原来铁匠看的是这么一个布告！ (待续)3) NOTES TO THE TEXT：（课文学习）1. 此文是法国十九世纪现实主义小说家Aphonse Daudetr 的著名的短篇小说，是普法战争后爱国主义名作之一。2. I could hear the blackbirds whistling at the edge of the woods, and the Prussians drilling in the meadow behind the sawmill.这里Prussians是指进占Alsace的普鲁士军队。 Franz听得见从远处传来他们操练的声音。3. For two years it was there that we had received all the news of battles of victories and defeats. 两年以来我们就是在这里得到所有关于战争的消息，关于胜利和失败的消息的。 It is that (who) 是一个强调句型。如：It is the Party that has brought happiness to us all.It was Jack who told me they story.It was in Shanghai that I first saw her.4. The noise of desks being opened and closed, and lessons repeated at the top of the childrens voices掀开和关上书桌的声音和孩子们高声温习功课的声音。 Desks being opened and closed 是名词+动名词（此处为被动式），作介词Of的宾语，后面lessons repeated也是of的宾语。5. You should have been here five minutes ago.你应该早五分钟来才是。“you should have +过去分词”是一个有用的说法，表示“过去应该做某事，而没有做到。”它有责备的意思。如：You should have been more careful about your spelling. Yo