英语新闻听力技巧

The Skills for English News Listening,To know the structure of English news report,To memorize the common words used in the English news,To master a number of Acronym,To know the different pronunciations of same number,To do the exercise step by step,To pay attention to the great domestic and foreign events,掌握新闻报道的结构新闻报道往往采用“倒金字塔体”。所谓“倒金字塔体”，也称为倒途法，即按新闻事实重要性的程度由要点到细节逐步扩展，安排全文。把最重要的事实置于全文的第一个句子中，这个句子被称为新闻导语(the news lead)。它告知听众最关心最重要的事实，如事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)，以及原因和方式(why，how，即新闻导语包含了我们常说的五个WH和一个H构成的“新闻六大要素”。新闻导语是整条新闻的高度浓缩形式，听懂了导语，也就听懂了新闻的主要内容。当然，由于新闻报道的侧重点不同，有时新闻导语也可能只包含其中几个要素,A general pattern in a news story is an inverted-pyramid style. It moves from the most important to the least important. The main idea usually occurs in the first one or two sentences.,In long sentences, what can we focus on?,Five main wh-elements: English sentence, like a tree, is composed by the trunk and leaves. Find the trunk and you will see the whole tree and then the wood.,Oil ministers of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries will hold an emergency meeting Friday.,What：An emergency meeting will be held When：Friday Who：Oil Ministers Of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries,普通词汇。尽管新闻报道所使用的词汇量很大，但是语言的基本词汇是稳定的。如VOA广播中的special English(特别节目)的新闻报告中常用词汇约1 500个，这的重复率在报道中是很高的，如cease-fire，presidential election等政治性词汇，finance banking group等经济词汇以space shuttle，robot等科技词汇。,专有词汇(Proper names)。新闻报道是有关世界范围的最新消息，因在报道中常涉及许多人名、地名、国名。除此之外，新闻报道中还常常出现一些河流、山脉及名胜古迹等专有名词熟悉这些专有名词可使听者更快更准确地了解所听的新闻。,Himalayas, Mount Everest, Niles River, Geneva, Ebola,由于新闻报道时间的限制，不少机构的名称常采用其缩略形式，即由该名称中数个词的首字母的大写形式组成，如：PLO是the Palestine Liberation Organization的缩写形式。需要注意的是，听者不仅要了解这些缩略语的确切含义，而且还应知道它们的正确读音,APEC, OPEC, IMF, UNESCO, CPPCC, NATO, IOC, IRC, WTO, WHO, WB,在新闻报道中经常出现许多数字，大到几十亿，上百亿，小到分数或小数。尤其对一些多位数的数字，要想立刻听准这些数字的确不容易，其主要难点在于位数过多。因此在听多位数的数字时，应对billion(十亿)、million(百万)、thousand(千)、hundred(百)等词尤为重视。同时，要注意一个数字的多种读法，如播音员把两个足球队比赛结果2：0读作two to nothing而不是读成two to nought或two to zero,152, 489,357 3,695,741,526,目前，许多外台(如BBC，VOA)的新闻英语报道有特别英语(Special English)和标准英语(Standard English)两种。所谓Special English也可称为慢速英语，即新闻播放的语速较慢。就VOA而言，慢速英语每分钟不超过90个单词，而且新闻报道均是由简单易懂的英语缩写的，因此较适合初级阶段的新闻英语训练。然而它毕竟有其局限性，只能作为听力训练的一种手段，而不是新闻英语训练要达到的最终目的。要想过真正通过新闻英语这一关，还必须进行Standard English的训练。Standard English也可称为常速英语，即新闻英语是用正常的语速播送的。就VOA而言，常速英语每分钟为135个单词，而且句法和词汇方面的难度也大些。经过从慢速英语到常速英语相当长一段时间练习后，收听新闻英语的能力一定会有很大提高。,平时应养成多看报纸，常听广播的习惯，这样就可以掌国际、国内的一些阶段性的热门话题及一些有争论的问题。若有可能的话，最好在收听新闻英语之前，先听一下汉语新闻广播。对于当天国际、国内发生的一些大事做到心中有数，然后，再收听外台的新闻英语报道。由于已有了一定背景知识，这些新闻英语报道就容易听懂了。当然在更高层次上也可以先听英语新闻，然后验之以汉语新闻。,收听英语新闻广播时有两点要注意： 听懂英语新闻广播必须要有一定的听力理解水平，因对于外语初学者来说，应着重提高自己的英语听力水平，不要急于收听外台新闻广播，到了中高级阶段开始收听英语新闻广播较为合适。 听者除掌握以上提到的技巧外，还必须多听多练，持之以恒地坚持听下去，就能最终达到“能听懂外台英语新闻广播”这一目标。,It has been nearly three years since President Barack Obama _what has been called the “Asia pivot.“ The term describes increasing attention on East Asia and the Pacific after reducing American _in Iraq and Afghanistan. This week, President Obama left Washington for a weeklong trip to four Asian countries. The trip aimed to _U.S. support for the security of Asian _and for reducing trade _among Pacific nations. Mr. Obama arrived in Japan Wednesday at a time when a number of allies are concerned about China's military_. Many Japanese have noted the failure of the Obama administration to act on its threats to attack Syria. They have seen the administration's _to provide military aid to_. The Japanese are worried that the United States may not come to Japan's aid.,announced,involvement,restate,allies,barriers,expansion,unwillingness,Ukraine,On Thursday, the president said the U.S. would _a defense treaty with Japan if China seizes a _group of islands. The islands are known as Senkaku in Japan and as Diaoyu in China. Mr. Obama spoke after talks with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. “The treaty between the United States and Japan _my birth, so obviously this isn't a red line that I'm drawing. It is the standard interpretation over multiple administrations of the terms of the alliance, which is that _under the administration of Japan are covered under the treaty. There's no shift in_. There's no red line that's been drawn. We're simply _the treaty.“,honor,disputed,preceded,territories,position,applying,Listening Practice,Exercise One,1. Identify the five main wh-elements,2. Retell what have you heard,3. Fill in the blanks,North Korea is threatening to _a new nuclear test in _to a U.N. committee's _of alleged human rights abuses by Pyongyang. A UN General Assembly Committee resolution recommends the _refer North Korea to the International Criminal Court for alleged crimes against humanity. North Korea says the resolution is “filled with _slanders.“,conduct,response,condemnation,Security Council,vicious,Exercise Two,Listening Dictation,A new United Nations r