Football 北京体育大学

American FOOTBALL,NFL CFL,Contents,Definition Introduction Cups History How and why? The field General terms Player positions Idioms Randy Pauschs “Last Lecture” Discussion,Definition,Nouna game played by two teams of 11 players on a rectangular field 100 yards long; teams try to get possession of the ball and advance it across the opponents goal line in a series of (running or passing) plays,Introduction (1),American football, known in the United States simply as football and often as gridiron or tackle football outside the United States, is a competitive team sport known for combining strategy with physical play.The objective of the game is to score points by advancing the ball into the opposing team's end zone. The ball can be advanced by carrying it (a running play) or by throwing it to a teammate (a passing play).Points can be scored in a variety of ways, including carrying the ball over the opponent's goal line, catching a pass thrown over that goal line, kicking the ball through the goal posts at the opponent's end zone, or tackling an opposing ball carrier within his end zone.,Introduction (2),In the United States, the major forms are high school football, college football andprofessional football, which are essentially similar but feature slightly different rules.The major league for professional football is the National Football League.The sport is also played outside the United States. National professional and collegiate leagues exist in United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Finland, Sweden, Japan, Mexico, Israel, Spain, Austria, and several Pacific Island nations.,Superbowl Grey Cup,History (1),The history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football, played in the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century, in which a ball is kicked at a goal and/or run over a line. Many games known as “football“ were being played at colleges and universities in the United States in the first half of the 19th century.,History (2),American football resulted from several major divergences from rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, considered the “Father of American Football“.Among these important changes were the introduction of the line of scrimmageand of down-and-distance rules.In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, game play developments by college coaches such as Eddie Cochems, Amos Alonzo Stagg, Knute Rockne, and Glenn “Pop“ Warner helped take advantage of the newly introduced forward pass.,History (3),The origin of professional football can be traced back to 1892, with William “Pudge“ Heffelfinger's $500 contract to play in a game for the Allegheny Athletic Association against thePittsburgh Athletic Club.The first Professional “league“ was the Ohio League, formed in 1903, and the first Professional Football championship game was between the Buffalo Prospects and the Canton Bulldogs in 1919.In 1920, the American Professional Football Association was formed. The first game was played in Dayton, Ohio on October 3, 1920 with the host Triangles defeating the Columbus Panhandles 140.,History (4),The league changed its name to the National Football League(NFL) two years later, and eventually became the major league of American football.Initially a sport of Midwestern industrial towns in the United States, professional football eventually became a national phenomenon. Football's increasing popularity is usually traced to the 1958 NFL Championship Game, a contest that has been dubbed the “Greatest Game Ever Played“.A rival league to the NFL, the American Football League (AFL), began play in 1960; the pressure it put on the senior league led to a merger between the two leagues and the creation of the Super Bowl, which has become the most watched television event in the United States.,How & Why Did Football Become Americas Obsession,Why were people not satisfied with rugby and soccer with which they were bequeathed? What were they longing for?How did American football evolve away from soccer and rugby? What does the 1872 painting “American Progress” depict? How does it relate to football? How does football mirror American society?,Video,Why were American competitors and spectators not satisfied with rugby and soccer? What did they need? mass motions needed a story with a (mythical) leader to lead the team needed that fix,How did American football evolve away from soccer and rugby? more organized, controlled, scientific QB created (1880); hero, protagonist 1st down created (1882),3. What does the 1872 painting “American Progress” depict? How does it relate to football? How does football mirror American society? American destiny as given by God to march across the continent acquisition of territory; capture, hold, defend it,The Field,“gridiron”,2 uprights goal post,General terms,kickoff huddle snap line of scrimmage downs (i.e. 1st and 10) tackle,fumble incomplete Interception turnover penalty flag “Hail Mary”,