精编最新数字信号处理教程(002)

Copyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCShi PingSchool of Information EngineeringCUCDigital Signal ProcessingCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCText books ：l数字信号处理教程 （第三版）清华大学出版社，程佩青 2006年Course outlineReference books： l 英文影印版 科学出版社 Vinay K. Ingle John G. Proakis 2003Copyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCReference books：l 王世一 数字信号处理北京理工大学出版 社,1997年l A.V.奥本海姆 R.W.谢弗 J.R.巴克 编著 刘树 堂 黄建国 译离散时间信号处理（第2版）西 安交通大学出版社 2001年l 胡广书数字信号处理理论、算法与实现 （第二版）清华大学出版社2003年Course outlineCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCRelationship with other courses About MATLAB SoftwareRequirements Course outlineCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCChapter 1 Introduction to DSPContent Signal, System, Signal ProcessingThe Constitution of DSP SystemHow to implement the DSPThe Application of DSPThe advantages of DSPCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCSignal, System, Signal Processingn SignalA signal is a function of independent variables such as time, distance, position, temperature and pressure Depending on the nature of the independent variables and the value of the function, we can classify the signals as followsSignals play an important role in our daily life. Most signals we encounter are generated naturally. However, a signal can also be generated synthetically or by a computer.Copyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCSignal, System, Signal Processing scalar signalA signal generated by a single source vector signal (or multichannel signal)A signal generated by multiple sources one dimensional (1-D) signalA function of a single independent variable multidimensional (M-D) signalA function of more than one independent variablessound ImageVideoCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCSignal, System, Signal Processingcontinuous-time signalThe independent variable is continuous discrete-time signal (sequence)The independent variable is discrete analog signalA continuous-time signal with a continuous amplitude quantized-boxcar signalA continuous-time signal with a discrete-value amplitude digital signalA discrete-time signal with a discrete-value amplitude Sampled-data signalA discrete-time signal with a continuous amplitudeseeCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCSignal, System, Signal Processingdeterministic signalA signal that can be uniquely determined by a well -defined process, such as a mathematical expression or rule, or table look-up.random signalA single that is generated in a random fashion and cannot be predicted ahead of time.Copyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCSignal, System, Signal Processingperiodic signalA signal that repeats itself in a periodic fashion from negative to positive infinity.aperiodic signalA signal that extends to both positive and negative infinity without repeating in a periodic pattern.Copyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCSignal, System, Signal Processingenergy signalAn finite energy signal with zero average power.power signalAn infinite energy signal with finite average power.a periodic sequence power signal a finite-length sequence energy signalCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCSignal, System, Signal Processingn SystemA system is any process that produces an output signal in response to an input signal.Depending on the types of the signal processed, we can classify the systems as follows:Copyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCSignal, System, Signal Processing analog systeminput and output analog signals digital systeminput and output digital signals continuous-time systeminput and output continuous-time signals discrete-time systeminput and output discrete-time signalsCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCSignal, System, Signal Processingn Signal ProcessingA signal carries information ! The objective of signal processing: To extract, enhance, store and transmit the useful information carried by the signal.Digital signal processing: To implement the signal processing by a digital means.returnCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCThe Constitution of DSP SystemreturnwaveformADCDACDSPPrFPoFanaloganalogEquivalent to an analog signal processorPrF: antialiasing filtering PoF: smooth out the staircase waveformexampleCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCHow to Implement the DSPTo handle the DSP algorithms in a general-purpose microprocessor by means of software programmingTo handle the DSP algorithms in a specifically designed Digital Signal Processors (DSPs)returnCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCThe Application of DSPl Signal Analysisu Measurement of signal propertiesu Spectrum (frequency/phase) analysisu Target detection, verification, recognitionl Signal Filteringu Signal-in-signal-out, filteru Removal of noise/interferenceu Separation of frequency bandsThe main tasks of DSPCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCThe Application of DSPDSP application examplesl Telecommunicationsu Multiplexing u Compressionu Echo controll Audio Processingu Musicu Speech generationu Speech recognitionCopyright © 2005. Shi Ping CUCThe Application of DSPDSP application examplesl Echo Locationu Radaru Sonaru Reflection seismologyl Image Processingu Medicalu Spaceu Commercial Imaging