名词性从句-主语从句

请君思考： 从句的特点? 名词性从句的类别？ 名词性从句的连词有哪几大类？其特点？ 能否举几个接形式宾语it的宾语从句？ 那些动词的宾语从句需要虚拟？ 表语从句的特殊关联词有哪些？ Whether和If的用法有哪些区别？ 从句的解题步骤是什么？Warming-up Read and find out the sentences with a subject clause in the reading passage?1) What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.2) . The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.4) . What scientists think is that the earth was different because of 6). Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on 3) What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.5) Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.共同特点：1）都有一个引导词2） 引导词做句子成分？3） 引导词有其汉语意思？ 名词性从句的类别？ 关联词有那几大类？ 能否举几个接形式宾语it的宾语从句？ 那些动词的宾语从句需要虚拟？ 表语从句的特殊关联词有哪些？一、名词性从句Noun Clause宾语从句表语从句主语从句同位语从句作用相当于名词（三）、主语从句Subject Clause做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中 做主语，又称主语从句，1. 从属连词that1) That her hair was turning gray worried her a bit.= It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray. 2) That computers have changed our life is known to everyone.= Its known to everyone that computers have changed our life.结论：that 无含义, 不做成分,但不能省 。2. 从属连词whetherWhether the headmaster will support us is a problem.结论：whether 表“是否”，不可换成if3. 连接代词what1) What I cant understand is why he is often absent from school.2) What parents say and do has a life- long effect on their children. (07 陕西 )3) What matters most in learning English is enough practice. (07 全国 ）结论：what “所的”，在从句中做 主、宾、表语成分。4. 连接代词whatever 1) Whatever was said here must be kept a secret.2) Whatever David says sounds right to Helen.3) Whatever I may do is supported by my parents.结论： whatever在从句中充主、宾语， 表“无论什么” = anything that 5. 连接代词who 1) Who will be the next mayor is not our concern.2) Who will attend the meeting has no been decided.3) Who is to blame remains a question.结论：who在从句中充当主语， 带有疑问含义。 6. 连接代词whoever1) Whoever works hard is respected by others.2) Whoever breaks school rules will be punished.3) Whoever does so will regret later.结论： whoever 表示“无论谁”= anyone who7. 连接代词whichWhich class will be number one remains to be seen.结论： which表“哪一个”1) When the wedding will be held is clear to everyone now.2) Where you were born is not important.3) How you dress reflects your personality.4) Why she dresses so beautifully is an open secret.结论：引导词分别充当从句中的时间状、 地点状、方式状、原因状8. 连接副词9. 主语从句过长，常用it 做形式主语, 而把主语从句放在句末，常用句型有：1）It + be +n.+主语从句 It is a fact ( an honor, a pity, no wonder, no surprise etc.) + that从句 2) It be +adj.+主语从句 It is obvious ( true/certain/strange/surprising/ possible/likely etc.) + that从句3) It be + v.ed +从句 It is said( reported/ thought/ known/ expected etc.) + that 从句 4）It + vi.+ 从句 It seems( looks/ happened/ appears etc.) + that 从句Read and translate: It is a pity that we cant go. It is no wonder that our team have won the game. It is an honor that I was invited to attend the meeting.It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is reported that China has sent another manmade satellite into orbit.It happens that they were absent.It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.主语从句六注意：1. 关联词不能省；2. 从句做主语，谓语动词用单数；3. 从句用陈述语序；4. it做形式主语；5.主语从句用whether不用if;6.对比： what because B. What ; thatC. That ; what D. That ; because4. _ we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 5. _ that they can pass the written exam this time.A. That is hoped B. It is hoped C. It hopes D. That hopes6. It was doubtful _ Mary really heard him.A. that B. if C. whether D. whatReading comprehension: Put the following sentences into Chinese: 1. What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun. 随后它会变成什么曾经是一个谜，直到最后这团尘埃 开始慢慢地合成一个环绕太阳运转的球状物。 1. 2. The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not. 2. 问题是地球（开始）变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固 体形状是否会继续存在下去。3. It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases, which had become part of the earths atmosphere, into the oceans and seas.它使得地球得以把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体， 溶解在海洋里。4. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.在未来的千百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续将取决 于这个问题能否得到解决。HomeworkReview the subjective clause.P29 Ex2, 3P 64 Ex2