（2013-2018）高考英语试题分项版解析 专题04 动词和动词短语（含解析）

1专题专题 0404 动词和动词短语动词和动词短语2018 年高考题1.【2018·天津】8. It took him a long time to_ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. display B. acquireC. teach D. test【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display 显示；B. acquire 获得；C. teach 教；D. test 测试。故选 B。点睛：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。2.【2018·天津】3. At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he_ as she was so confidence about her skills.A. gave in B. dressed upC. broke in D. turned up【答案】A点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。分析后句的原因状语可以判定出罗伯特最终让步，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。3.【2018·江苏】25. Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _ a clear road map and timetable.A. calls for B. calls onC. calls off D. calls up【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A. calls for 需要；B. calls on 号召；C. calls off 取消；D. calls up 使想起。故选 A。2点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。分析全句句意，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。4.【2018·江苏】22. Kids shouldnt have access to violent films because they might _ the things they see.A. indicate B. investigateC. imitate D. innovate【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A. indicate 指示；B. investigate 调查；C. imitate 模仿；D. innovate 改革。故选 C。点睛：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握。2017 年高考题【2017·天津卷】5. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _, get married, and have kids.A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in【答案】A考点：考查动词短语。【名师点睛】辨析动词短语没有捷径，只有加强平时的背诵，包括词组本身的含义，一词多义，以及词组和动词的搭配，做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系，进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。【2017·江苏卷】30. A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _ your year ahead.A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查动词的辨析。A. shape 塑造，决定的形成，影响的发展；B. switch 转变，交换，3调班；C. stretch 拉长，拉紧，伸展，伸长，延伸消耗；D. sharpen 提高，使尖锐，变得清晰。句意：快速回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选 A。考点：考查动词的辨析【2017· 江苏】25.Working with the medical team in Africa has _ the best in her as a doctor.A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。held out 坚持；提供机会；伸出手；B. brought out 使显现，阐明，出版；C.picked out 使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D. given out 用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意，故选 B。考点：考查动词短语辨析2016 年高考题1.【2016·江苏】25. He did noteasily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.A. approachB.wrestleC.compromiseD.communicate【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查动词辨析。动词 approach 靠近，接近；wrestle 摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise 妥协；和解；让步；communicate 交流；句意：他并容易妥协，但是对于正义的事业，他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根据句意可知 C 项正确。考点：考查动词词义辨析2.【2016·江苏】30.Many businesses started up by college students have_thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.A. fallen offB.taken offC.turned offD.left off【答案】B4考点：考查动词短语辨析3.【2016·江苏】33.Parents should actively urge their children to_the opportunity to join sports teams.A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查短语辨析。动词短语 gain admission to 获准进入；keep track of 记录；take advantage of 利用；give rise to 引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知 C 项正确。考点：考查短语辨析4.【2016·天津】8. Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she _ her opinion on the subject.A. gave voice to B. kept an eye onC. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的，但是最后她说出自己对这个话题的观点。A.将说出，透露，表明；B.注意，照看；C.对充耳不闻；D.踏上。根据语境，故选 A。考点：考查动词短语辨析。【名师点睛】这几个短语都是固定搭配，不能仅仅看字面意思，应该在平时学习中注意累积这方面的词汇，这几个短语有个特点，都含有一个人体部位的名词，学生平时学习的时候，可以将短语进行分类记忆。做题时找到关键词和切入点，这道题的关键是 opinion 和选项中的 voice。5.【2016·天津】12. Im going to _ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.A. put B. make C. take D. give【答案】C5考点：考查动词和短语。【名师点睛】对于动词词义辨析题目，首先可以从句意着手，看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键，其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌。这对于平时学生的学习仔细度提出了要求，学生在平时的学习中要勤积累，多记忆，多查字典，以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出，还有的是一些固定搭配，需要了如指掌。6.【2016·天津】14. I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to _ a conversation with her.A. carry on B. break into C. turn down D. cut off【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话。我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。A.进行；B.破门而入；C.拒绝，声音调低；D.切断。故选 A。考点：考查动词短语辨析。【名师点睛】辨析动词短语没有捷径，只有加强平时的背诵，包括词组本身的含义，一词多义，以及词组和动词的搭配，做题时别忘了弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系，进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。7.【2016·浙江】8. We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _ us.A. divide B. reject C. control D. abandon【答案】A考点：考查动词辨析。【名师点睛】词义辨析题在高考中有所涉及，每年的趋势不尽相同。对于词义辨析题目，首先可以从句意着手，看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键，其次四个选项的意思也要了如指掌。这对于平时学生的学习仔细度提出了要求，学生在平时的学习中要勤积累，多记忆，多查字典，以便在考试时能够迅速准确的答出。6动词是非常重要的词性，在句中起着至关重要的作用，掌握好动词非常关键，这也是经常考查动词的原因。这题要找准关键词 unite，和 divide 是反义词。8.【2016·浙江】12.When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt _from the world.A. carried away B. broken down C. cut off D. brought up 【答案】C【解析】试题分析： 句意：当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉和世界隔绝了。Carry away 带走，夺走；break down 崩溃，破坏，抛锚，分解；cut off 切断；bring up 养育，培养。故选 C。考点：考查动词短语。【名师点睛】动词短语是高考常考内容。可以按照以下方法