英语二重点内容

英语（二）重点内容Unit 1 常考句子：1、A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.决策是从那些可以得到可供选择的行动方针中进行抉择。2、Although managers cannot predict the future, （but） many of their decisions require that they consider possible future events.虽然管理者们不能预见未来，但是他们的很多决策都要求他们考虑未来可能发生的事件。Although he thought he was helping us with the job, he was only in the way.虽然他以为他在帮助我们干这件事，但他只是在碍我们的事。3、 Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try toleave as littleas possible to chance.通常管理者必须对未来的情况做出最佳的预测，使偶然性尽可能少地发生"as+形容词（副词）+as possible "尽可能地;尽量4、If there is no choice, there is no decisionto be made.如果没有选择，也就无法做出决策5、 For managers every decision has constraints based on politics, procedures, laws, precedents and the like.对于管理者来说，每一个决策都要受到基于政策、程序、法律、惯例等方面因素的制约。6、For example, managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion .例如：管理者有时以二者择一的方式来处理Either/or :非此即彼in fashion :以样的方式7. But the tendency to simplify blinds to them to other alternative.to blind t使看不见（blind 为及物动词）e.g. We must not let our prejudices blind usto the facts of the situation.我们不应该让偏见使我们对实际情况视而不见。8、Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best that is, which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.决策者们必须有一些办法决定数个可选方案中哪个是最好的，也就是说，哪一个对组织目标的实现贡献最9、In the larger scheme of things, however, increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization.10、 Someof these objectives are more important than others, but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department .这些目标中的有一些比另一些更重要，但其排序和重要程度经常因人而异和因部门而异Oisolated phenomenon.11、 People often assume that a decision is an人们常常认为决策是一个孤立的现象。Word study1. objectiveThe literary critics should be asobjective as possible in analysis and judgment.文学批评家在分析和评价时应尽量不偏不倚。2. ArgueArgue sb. into(out of) doing sth.说服某人做(不做)某事I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。The teacher argued into the students back to classroom.课后汉译英：1 .决策者应该能够对将来作出最好的推测译文： Maker decision must make a best guess at what the future will be.2 .没有正确的选择就没有正确的决策译文：If there is no correct/right choice, there is no correct/right decision.3 .不同的人对同样的问题有不同的看法，所以解决的办法也不同Different people hold different ideas about the same problem, so theirsolutions to the problem(may) also differ.语法：“ as”1 .as用作连词，引导状语从句As可以引导让步状况从句。由 as引导的让步状况从句常采用倒装结构1) Try as I might, I couldn ' t lift the stone.尽管我想举起这块石头，可无论如何也举不起来。2) Change your mind as you will, you will gain no additional support.即使你改变主意，你也不会得到进一步的支持。3) Small as it is, the stone is very heavy.尽管很小，这石头却很重。Unit 2 常考句子:1、Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape.天文学家和科学家认为黑洞是一个空间区域，物质可以掉进这个区，但任何物质却不能从中逃脱。2、The theory is that some stars explode when their densityincreases to a particular point.这个理论就是，当某些星体的密度增大到某一特定时它们便发生爆炸；3、Some people think that the Start of Bethlehemcould have been a supernova.有些人认为圣诞星可能是一个颗超新星。Eg. I could have told you about it, but I don' t remember it now.我可能给你说过这件事儿，但是我现在记不清了。4、If a man fell into a black hole, he would think that he reached the center of it very quickly.如果一个人掉进黑洞，他会认为他很快就能到达黑洞的中心。5、 It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.（强调句，最近几年，用现在完成）只是在最近几年天文学家才开始对黑洞的具体研究。6、 Einstein claimed that the matter and energy are interchangeable, so that there is no aabsolute ” time and space.爱因斯坦声称物质和能量可以互换，因此不存在绝对的时间和空间。7、On the other hand, scientists have suggested that every advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind.另一方面，科学家们也指出，非常先进的技术将来有朝一日能利用黑洞的能量造福人类。8. They show us a world which operates in a totally different way from our own and they question our most basic experience of space and time.他们向我们展示一个运行方式与我们的世界完全不同的世界，同时还对我们的空间与时间的最基本认识提 出质疑。Word study1 . Exert vt. 尽（力）；发挥（威力）等；施加（压力）等；产生（影响等）He has exerted all his strength to attain his goal.他已尽了全力以达到自己的目标。He has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my mind.他一直在施加种种压力要我改变主意。These principles exerted great influence upon the course of therevolution.这些原则对革命进程产生了很大的影响。2 . LaunchVt.1. 发射，投射； 2. 使（船）下水The hunter launched a spear at the wolf.猎人把矛向狼掷去。Vt./vi. 发动，发起（运动等）Launch out into 开始，着手进行The police launched an investigation into the case.警察对此案开展了调查。The research group launched out into s eries of new experiments.研究小组着手进行了一系列的新实验。课后汉译英：1. 黑洞是什么，天文学家还没有完全解决这个问题Astronomers haven t completely solved the problem of the question of what a black hole is.2. 如果我们认识了黑洞，黑洞就不那么可怕了。If we understood black holes better, the would not be so fearful to us.3. 他的身影消失在黑暗中His figure was swallowed up in the dark.Unit 3 常考句子：1 Affected with a ser