对小说《白牙》的分析解读

AbstractJack London, a famous American writer, was born in 1876 in San Francisco. His novel White Fang is the most attractive one of the animal novels. In this novel, the dog is the protagonist. By describing the life course of the protagonist “White Fang”, the novel conveys the thought of Jack Londons “natural selection and survival of the fittest”.In this paper, through the introduction of the life course of white fang, it analyzes the mutual conversion of “wolves” and the “dogs” under the influence of the changing environmental factors. It is concluded that under the precondition of emphasizing the effect of environment, people must learn to make the correct active alienation.This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is a brief introduction to the author and novel. The second part firstly introduces the transformations of “wolves” and “dogs” of the hero white fang in four kinds of space conversion. And the third part shows the conclusion and analysis of the transformation. The fourth part shows the natural law named “natural selection and survival of the fittest”. To human society, the law is also right. There are more and more intense competitions in the society, we need to learn to improve ourselves and resist the temptation, and finally we could make right decision and have a place in the community of us. Finally the fifth part makes a short conclusion about the previous information. For the individual or society, we could steer a steady course only by discovering our weaknesses and making continuous improvement.This paper tries to get the realistic meaning from the heros experience full of struggle and alienation by analyzing the novel White Fang: We are about to enter society. Facing the modern society full of alienation, we should learn the fighting spirit and the courage to take the active alienation. Only in this way can we adapt to the complex environment, make accurate position and find a right place for us in the competitive society.Key Words: White Fang; Natural selection and survival of the fittest; Adaption; Active alienation摘 要杰克· 伦敦，1876年生于旧金山。他的小说白牙，是动物描写小说中，狗作为主角的最有魅力的一篇。小说通过对主人公“白牙”的生命历程的刻画，传达出杰克· 伦敦所推崇的 “物竞天择，适者生存”思想。本文通过对“白牙”的生命历程的介绍，分析在多变的环境因素的影响下，“白牙”的狼性与狗性的主动转换。得出结论：在强调环境影响作用的前提之下，人必须学会做出正确的主动异化，达到适应社会、发展自身的目的。本文分为四部分，第一部分是对小说作者，背景及小说内容的简单介绍；第二部分主要是介绍主人公“白牙”在四种空间转换中狼性与狗性的不断转换。分析这种转换产生的原因与结果。第三部分是生活转换的总结与分析。第四部分主要从小说主人公“白牙”的生命历程中，得出“物竞天择，适者生存”和“优胜劣汰”的自然法则，联系人类社会，自然法则同样适用。在竞争日益激烈的现今，我们更应该向白牙学习，不断学习、提高自己，同时抵御各种诱惑，做出正确的判断和抉择，才能在社会上有一个属于自己的立足之地。第五部分是对以上信息的简短总结：个人，或是社会都是一般，只有不断发现问题、改进提高，才能稳步前进。本文通过对小说白牙的分析解读，在“白牙”的斗争与异化经历中得出其现实意义：我们即将步入社会，面对异化充斥的现代社会，我们应该学习“白牙”的斗争精神以及主动异化的勇气。只有这样，才能适应面对各种繁杂的环境，找准自身定位，为自己在竞争激烈的社会中找到一份立足之地。关键词：白牙；物竞天择，适者生存；适应环境；主动异化Contents1. Background Information 11.1 Introduction of Jack London 11.2 Introduction of the Novel 12. The Transformation of “Wolves” and “Dogs” 22.1 In the Forests 22.2 In the Indigenous Tribes 22.3 In the Arena 32.4 In the Home of Scott 33. The Analysis of the Transformation 43.1 The Conclusion about the Transformation of “Wolves” and “Dogs” 43.2 The Analysis of Cause and Result 44. Linked to Human Society 64.1 The Law Named “Natural Selection and Survival of the Fittest” 64.2 The Applies of the Law in Humans Society 64.3 Correct and Right Transformation 75. Conclusion 11Bibliography 13The Transformation from “Wolves” to “Dogs” Natural Selection and Survival of the FittestIntroductionThis part introduces of the author and novel briefly, including a short brief of Jack Londons early life.1.1 Introduction of Jack LondonJack London, a famous American writer, was born in 1876 at San Francisco. He was one of the writers who had the most revenues in that time. He grew up in a family with no fixed occupation and no fixed residence，he had to earn money as the tenth kid in his home. When Jack London was young, he was kidnapped by thief and villain and did something wrong for them, this thing gave him deep and bad impression. In several years, Jack London felt depressed and usually drunk down. He had been Alaska for a long time, and later this place became to be the background of The Call of Wild.Jack London began to write at the age of 24 and died when he was only 40 years old. Since 1900, he had published many famous works, including 19 novels, 150 short stories and a large number of literature reports. He also wrote 3 plays and quite a few essays and papers. Most of Jack Londons works were full of socialism and individualism and had a profound impact on the United States and the rest of the world. Jack London was one of the most popular writers and his works were popular all over the world. Jack Londons creative career was short, but he studied hard to win time and life.Introduction of the NovelWhite Fang was written by Jack London. In this novel, dog is the real protagonist, and that there is no doubt that this novel has more charms than his other wo