初中英语人教新目标七年级下册Unit 8 知识点

七年级英语下册Unit 8知识点【Useful expressions】post office 邮局police station 警察局pay phone 付费电话 across from .在对面in front of 在.前面 next to.靠近.betweenand 在.和.之间on the street 在街上 in town 在镇上 be far from 离.很远go/walk along. 沿着.走 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事on the/one's left 在(的)左边 on the/one's right 在(的)右边turn right 向右转turn left 向左转spend time with sb.spendon sth 花费.在.上spendin doing sth 花费.做.pay for. 为.付钱enjoy doing sth 喜欢做 .enjoy oneself 玩的开心go down/up .沿着.往下/上走walk down/up. 沿着.往下/上走go shopping 去购物play Chinese chess 下中国象棋be good at 擅长.be free from 免受.打扰watch sb doing sth 观看.做. 【Target sentences】1.Is there a hospital near here? Yes, there is.2.Wheres the hospital? Its next to the police station.3.There is a sofa in the sitting room.4.There are 4 students in the class.5.There isnt any water in the bottle.6.There is some cheese on the plate.7.There is a lamp, a clock and some books on the desk.8.Is there a bank near here?Yes, there is.Its on Center Street.9.Are there any restaurants near here?Yes, theres one in front of the post office.10.Go along Bridge Street and turn left when you see the library.11.Turn right at the first crossing and the restaurant is on your left.12.I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.13.To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road.14.I often exercise at the park because I love the clean air and sunshine.15.It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there.【Language points】1.police station police n.警察police是集合名词，表示复数意义，其前通常加定冠词the，作主语时谓语动词通常用复数形式。 The police are looking for the lost child.2.Is there a hospital near here? “Is/Are there?”意为“有吗？”，是 “There is/are”的一般疑问句形式。Be动词要与后面的主语保持一致，其肯定回答是 “Yes, there is/are.”, 否定回答是“No, there isnt/arent”。Is there a museum near here? Yes, there is.Are there any people in the meeting room? No, there arent.3.The pay phone is across from the library.pay v.& n.付费（1）pay在此处作不可数名词，意为“付费”。pay phone意为“付费电话”。I would like to work for you without pay.There is a pay phone behind the library.（2）pay还可作动词，意为“付费”。常用结构: pay for sth.“为付费”；payfor sth.“付买某物”。Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? 4.The pay phone is across from the library.across adv.& prep.过；穿过across既可作副词又可作介词，across from意为“在对面”。across作介词时，常与walk, go, run等动词搭配使用。Our school is just across from the bank.Alice stood up and ran across the field after the rabbit.【易混辨析】across, over, cross 与throughYou mustnt go across the street when the traffic lights are red.You mustnt cross the street when the traffic lights are red.He climbed over the mountains to get there.The bird flew in through the window.5.The pay phone is in front of the library.in front of 在前面【易混辨析】in front of 与 in the front ofThere is a cat in front of the car.The driver is in the front of the car.6.How can I help you? 这是一句向他人伸出援手、主动提出帮助的客套话，可译作“需要我帮忙吗？”或“我可以帮您做些什么？”，常用于商店、饭店、旅馆、办事处等场合。类似句子还有：7.Is there a bank around here? around prep.在周围around在此处作介词，意为“在周围”。We sat around the fire.我们围火而坐。8.go along 沿着走 along prep.沿着along作介词，多与动词go, walk, run等连用。go along意为“沿着走”，相当于go down.Lets take a walk along the river after dinner, shall we? 【拓展延伸】along还可作副词，意为“一道；一起”。Come to the party and bring some friends along please.9.Turn right at the first crossing and the restaurant is on your left （1）turn v.转向；翻turn作动词，意为“转向；翻”。turn left表示“向左转”，turn right表示“向右转”。turn的名词形式为turning，意为“转弯处”。Please turn to Page 28.Turn right at the second turning.（2）left adv.向左边 n.左边10.I like to spend time there on weekends. spend v.花（时间、钱等）；度过Friends are an important part of our lives.We spend time with them, have fun together and share our feelings .【易混辨析】spend, cost, pay 与 take11.I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.watch sb./sth.doing sth. 看某人/某物在做某事【拓展延伸】与watch的这一用法类似的词还有see, hear等。She saw a boy come into the classroom.她看到一个男孩进教室了。I saw the boys playing football on the playground.我看到男孩子们正在操场上踢足球。He hears a dog barking.他听到狗在叫。Did you hear him go out? 你听到他出去了吗?12.It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there.enjoy v.享受；喜爱;enjoy作动词，常见用法有： (1) enjoy sth.享受某物（的乐趣）I really enjoyed the weekend.(2) enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事He enjoys staying with kids.他喜欢和孩子们待在一起。(3) enjoy oneself 过得高兴，玩得愉快Family members always get together to enjoy themselves on Mid-autumn Day.13.To get to the park, you just have to cross Center Street.（1）To get to the park 作目的状语，意为：要到那儿（2）have to 不得不，必须，情态动词，有人称，数和时态的变化We have to follow the school rules.She has to finish the homework before watching TV.14.I often exercise at the park because I love the clean air and sunshine.The best things in life are free!(1) in life 意为“生活中，生命中”，此处为介词短语作后置定语，修饰The best things.(2) free adj.免费的，还可意为“空闲