船舶常用英语(一)解析

一、 船舶类型常用英语tramp shipcontainer ship不定期货船集装箱船ship, vessel船，船舶full-container ship全集装箱船boat, craft艇semi-container ship半集装箱船sampan舢板, 小船multi-purpose container ship多用途集装箱船manpowered boat人力船general cargo ship/vessel/carrier杂货船sailor; sailing boat帆船bulk (cargo) carrier散货船motor sailor机帆船ore carrier矿砂船power-driven ship机动船grain carrier运粮船paddle steamer, paddle wheel vessel 明轮船coal carrier; coaler运煤船screw ship; propeller vessel螺旋桨船lumber(timber) carrier运木船airscrew ship; aerial propeller vessel 空气螺旋桨船cattle carrier运牲畜船hovercraft; aircushion craft气垫船multi-purpose ship多用途船hydrofoil水翼船liquid cargo ship液体货货船hydrojet propelled boat, water jet boat 喷水船chemical tank化学品液货船steamship; steamer蒸汽机船liquid chemical tanker液体化学品船motor ship内燃机船liquefied gas carrier液化气体船diesel ship柴油机船liquefied petroleum gas tanker (LPG) 液化石油气运electrically-propelled ship电力推进船输船steam turbine ship汽轮机船liquefied natural gas tanker (LNG) 液化天然气运输船gas turbine ship燃气轮机船tanker; oil tanker油轮nuclear-power ship核动力船super tanker超级油轮deck ship甲板船VLCC (very large crude carrier)(吨位在20 万至 30flush deck ship平甲板船万吨之间的 ) 巨型油轮raised quarter-deck ship尾升高甲板船ULCC (ultra-large crude carrier)(吨位在30 万至 50well-deck ship半舱船万吨之间的 ) 超巨型油船single side ship单舷长大舱口船refrigerated ship; coldstorage ship 冷 藏 船three-island ship三岛式船roll-on/roll-off ship (RO/RO ship)滚装船double shell ship双壳船ferry渡船riveted ship铆接船passenger ferry旅客渡船welded ship焊接船freight ferry货物渡船transversely framed ship横骨架式船fishing vessel(boat)渔轮longitudinally framed ship纵骨架式船trawler拖网渔轮combined framed ship混合骨架式船barge carrier; lighter aboard ship(LASH) 载驳船sea-going vessel海船barge; lighter驳船ocean-going vessel远洋船deck barge甲板驳coaster沿海船well-deck barge半舱驳channel ship海峡船double shell barge双壳驳inland waterway vessel内河船single side barge单舷长大舱口驳civil ship; merchant ship民用船；商船oil barge油驳transport ship运输船container barge集装箱驳船pleasure yacht游艇RO/RO barge滚装驳船passenger ship客船liquefied gas barge液化气体驳coasting passenger and cargo ship 沿海客货船hopper barge开底泥驳passenger and auto-car carrier 旅客及汽车运输船split hopper barge对开泥驳tourist ship; passenger carrier旅游船pusher; pushboat顶推船；推船cargo ship; freighter货船working ship工程船cargo liner定期货船tug; tugboat; towboat拖船第1 页共12 页harbor tug港作拖船rescue tug救助拖轮salvage ship救捞船dredger挖泥船trailing suction dredge耙吸挖泥船cutter suction dredger绞吸挖泥船bucket wheel dredger斗轮挖泥船bucket dredger链斗挖泥船reclamation craft吹泥船grab dredger抓斗挖泥船dipper dredger铲斗挖泥船floating pitter; drive pitter打桩船floating crane; derrick boat起重船floating dock浮船坞cable layer; cable ship布缆船scientific surveying ship科学考察船research ship科学调查船oceanographic research vessel海洋调查船surveying ship测量船ice-breaker破冰船pontoon浮舟 ; 浮桥 ;趸船 , 浮码头high speed craft高速船passenger catamaran双体客船vehicle ferry catamaran双体车辆渡船fresh water load line (F.)淡水载重线fresh water timber load line (L.F.) 淡水木材载重线 tropical fresh water load line (TF) 热带淡水载重线 tropical load line (T) 热带载重线 summer load line(S)夏季载重线summer freshwater load line(F) 夏季淡水载重线 winter load line(W)冬季载重线winter North Atlantic load line(WNA) 冬季北大西洋 载重线even keel（首尾）等吃水，平载最大宽度floatable length可浸长度sheer at forward （after） perpendicular 首尾舷弧extreme breadthsheer lineaccommodationaccommodation deckaccommodation ladderaccommodation ladder舷弧线居住舱室起居舱室；旅客甲板platform舷梯舷梯平台accommodation ladder manrope 舷梯扶索after bodyafter peak bulkheadafter peak tankair holevehicle-passenger ferry catamaran 双体车客渡船pontoon catamaran双体趸船二、 船舶结构常用英语center line 中心线，中线athwartships 横对船体(与船首尾线直交)bevel斜角；斜面base line基线amidships在船中部；在纵中线上designed waterline breadth设计水线宽designed waterline length设计水线长draft 吃水former/aft draft首/尾吃水draft figures 吃水尺度intersection交点；交叉；横断面knuckle折角线length between perpendicular 垂线间长length overall 总长load waterline length满载水线长register length (breadth; depth) 登记长度 (宽度、 深air pipe appendage后（部船）体艉尖舱舱壁艉尖舱空气孔空气管（船体水线下的）附体；附件auxiliary machinery balanced rudderballastballast lineballast pumpballast pumping systemballast tank(water)辅助机械；辅机平衡舵压载（物）压载水管系压载水泵压载水系统压载舱（水）battenbatten-ceiling beambeam bracketbearding板条；压条（封仓用）（货舱内）护舱条，护板横梁梁肘板交合线，榫（艏柱或艉柱上）度）freeboard干舷rise of floor (dead; rise)舭高；船底loadlinemark载重水线标记bending momentbilge舭部；舱底；bilge bracketbilge keel(chock, piece)bilge kneebilge linebilge mainbilge pipe (suction)bilge pumpbilge strake(plate)bilge well弯矩（船底）污水沟舭肘板舭龙骨舭肘板舭水管系舭水总管舭吸水管舭水泵舭列板污水井