八年级英语下Unit5知识详解

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 一、重点短语 1. make sure 确信;确认 2. beat against. 拍打 3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着 4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 5. wake up 醒来 6. in a mess 一团糟 7. break. . apart 使分离 8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候 9. at the time of 当.时候 10. go off (闹钟)发出响声 11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡 12. miss the bus 错过公交车 13. pick up 接电话 14. bring. together 使靠拢 15. in the area 在这个地区 16. miss the event 错过这个事件 17. by the side of the road 在路边 18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线 19. walk by 走路经过 20. make ones way to.在某人去的路上 21. hear the news 听到这个消息 22.important events in history 历史上的重大事件 23.for example 例如 24.be killed 被杀害 25.over 50 5 0多(岁） 26.a school pupil 一个小学生 27.on the radio 通过广播 28.in silence 沉默;无声 29.more recently 最近地;新近 30.the World Trade Center 世贸中心 31.take down 拆除;摧毁 32.have meaning to 对有意义 33.remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 34.at first 首先;最初 二、知识点讲解：1. What was the girl doing at the time of the rainstorm?该句是含有过去进行时的句子。过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。过去进行时常与表示过去的某一特定的时间状语连用。如：at two oclock yesterday afternoon, at that time, just then.其基本结构是“was/were + v.ing 形式”如：He was reading a book at 5:00 p.m. Yesterday.What was he doing at this time yesterday?2.at that time of 意为“在时”，其后跟名词或者名词短语。如：It is important to keep calm at the time of danger.She cried out at the time of hearing the terrible news about MH370.3.So, when the rainstorm suddenly came,Suddenly用做副词，表示突然，忽然。 形容词形式为sudden，习惯用语: all of a sudden=suddenly 出乎意料的I suddenly remembered that I didnt water my vegetables in my QQ farm.The girl began laughing all of a sudden.4.My alarm didnt go off so I got up late.1)alarm “闹钟”还可以表示 “警报”As soon as they heard the alarm, they fell in for action.2)go off 是“动词+副词”短语 意为“发出响声”go off还有以下含义：表示电气等断掉，熄火The lights in my room suddenly went off just now.表示食物变质，变坏。如The meat has gone off.表示离开，离去The school bus goes off at 7:15 every day.与go有关的动词短语go out熄灭；出去 go away 离开 go through 通过 go on 继续 go over 仔细检查 go by 时间过去5.I called at seven and you didnt pick up.pick up 意为“拾起，捡起”，在此句语境中意为接电话。请注意当宾语是代词时，须置于pick与up之间Please pick up the books on the floor.The books are on the floor. Please pick them up.Pick up 还有“搭车，接某人，学会”之意。6.I called again at eight and you didnt answer either.either 副词 意为“也”They didnt catch the early plane, and we didnt either.either,too,与alsoeither 用于否定句中，放于句末表示“也”She cant speak English, I cant either.too 用于肯定句中，放于句末表示“也”I can dance and sing too.also用于肯定句，放于be动词，情态动词后，实意动词前表示“也”I am also a beautiful girl.7.So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.该句中的while用做连词，意为“当时”While we were talking, the teacher came in.复习一下while 和when 的区别while 还可做并列连词，表示对照关系，意为“而，却”He is strong while his brother is weak.8.Black clouds were making the sky every dark.make+宾语+宾语补足语 结构，其中make意为“使变为；使处于某种状态”The lecture made me sleepy.The news made me very excited.make的常用结构：（1）make sb. to do sth.使某人做某事 如：I think a good film should make me to keep my curiosity all the time.(2)make it+adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 使做某事对某人来说成为 如Hard work makes it possible for Tom to be the best student.9.With on light outside, it felt like midnight. feel like 意为感受到， 其中like 为介词，意为“像”，后接名词，代词或者动名词作宾语。如：I feel like a child when I am with my parents.10.The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.1) 该句中的report用作动词，意为“报道，公布”，常用结构：Its reported that 据报道Its reported that over 20 people were killed in the accident.2)area用作名词，意为“地区，区域”I like the house but Im not satisfied with the area.11.Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashing and radio were working.1)wood 意为“木头”，是不可数名词，常与量词短语 a piece of 连用。a piece of wood 意为“一块木头”Dont let the fire go out, theres plenty of wood.2)make sure 是个动词短语，意为“确保，核实，查清楚”其后跟宾语从句或of 连接的短语作宾语。如：We will try out best to make sure you enjoy your visit.Ill make sure of the time of the flight.11.Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.1)beat 用作不及物动词，意为“（风雨）拍打；（心脏）跳动”如：The rain beat against the car windscreen.Her heart beat fast with joy.beat还可用作及物动词，意为“打败，战胜”，其后接表示人的词作宾语，如：We werent sure we could beat them.2)heavily用作副词，意为“很大程度上；大量地”如The country depends heavily on its tourist trade.heavily 还可表示猛烈地All at once it began to rain heavily.3)该句中的against 用作介词，表示接触，意为“撞击，碰”She fell down and hit her head against the ground.against用法归纳：1）表示“反对，与相反”，反义词是for 如We are for peace and against war.2）表示“紧靠，倚在”，如A piano stood against the wall.12.He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.1）fall asleep 为固定短语，意为“进入梦乡，睡着”He lay dow