车间低压配电系统设计

前言电能是工业生产的主要动力能源，工厂供电设计的任务是从电力系统取得电源，经过合理的传输、变换、分配到工厂车间中每一个用电设备上，随着工业电气自动化技术的发展，工厂用电量快速增长，对电能质量、供电可靠性以及技术经济指标等的要求也日益提高，供电设计是否完善，不仅影响工厂的基本建设投资、运行费用和有色金属消耗量，而且也反映到工厂的可靠性和工厂的安全生产上，它与企业的经济效益、设备和人身安全等是密切相关的。现在除个别大型工业联合企业有自备电厂外，绝大多数工厂都是从国家电力系统取得电能的，因此，工厂工业负荷是电力系统的主要用户，工厂供电系统也是电力系统的一个组成部分，保证安全供电和经济运行，不仅关系到企业的利益，也关系到电力系统的安全和经济运行以及合理利用能源。工厂供电设计必须遵循国家的各项方针政策，设计方案必须符合国家标准中的有关规定，同时必须满足以下几项基本要求：1、安全在电能的供应、分配和使用中，不应发生人身事故和设备事故。2、可靠应满足能用户对供电可靠性的要求。3、优质应满足电能用户对电压和频率等质量的要求。4、经济供电系统的投资要少，运行费用低，并尽可能工节约电能和减少有色金属消耗量。此外，在供电工作中，应合理地处理局和全局、当前和长远等关系，既要照顾局部和当前和利益，又要有全局观点，能顾全大局，适应发展。本说明书为某机械制造厂电修低配系统及车间变电所设计说明，该车间的主变压器容量为630kVA，各电压等级分别为10kV和0.4kV，车间的负荷均属三类负荷，根据设计任务书的要求，本设计的主要内容包括：车间的负荷计算及无功补偿，确定车间变电所的所址和型式，车间变电所的主纬线方案，短路电流计算，主要用电设备选择和校验，车间变电所整定继电保护和防雷保护及接地装置的设计等。由于本人初步设计，设计资料欠周全，电气设备的参数一般引用现有产品，个别参数在指导老师指导下，选用较新数据，计算所用方法依照工厂供电设计指导规定进行计算的，在保证可靠性的前提下，经计算和校验，本人水平有限和不完善之处，错漏难免，请指导老师指正，本人不胜感激。PrefaceElectrical energy is the main motivate part of the industrial production. Factories supply power design duty to obtain power source from the electrical power system, pass through the reasonable transmission, transformation, and assigns to the factory workshop in on each current collector. Along with the industry electricity automation technology development, factories with the electric quantity rapid growth, to the electrical energy quality, the power supply reliability as well as the technology economic indicator and so on the request also day by day enhances .The power supply designs whether consummates, not only affects the factory the capital investment, the operating cost and the non-ferrous metal consumption, moreover also reflected to the factory power supply reliability and in the factory safety in production ,it and enterprises economic efficiency ,the equipment and so on is the close correlation .Now has besides the individual major industry integrated enterprise supplies for oneself the power plant, the majority factory all is obtains the electrical energy from the country electrical power system. Therefore, the factory industry load is the electrical power system main user, the factory power supply system also is an electrical power system constituent, guarantees the safe power supply and the economical movement, not only relates the enterprise the benefit, also relates the electrical power system the security and the economical movement as well as the reasonable use energy .The factory power supply design must follow nation each general and specific policies, the design proposal must conform to in the nation standard related stipulation ,simultaneously must satisfy following several basic requests:1、Securities-in the electrical energy supply ,assignment and should not have the accident causing personal injury and the equipment accident .2、Reliable-should satisfy the electrical energy user to the power supply reliable request . 3、High qualityshould satisfy the electrical energy user to quality the and so on voltage and frequency request .4、Economies-power supply system investment must be few, low operating cost ,and saves the electrical energy and the reduced non-ferrous metal consumption as far as possible .In addition, in the power supply work, should reasonably process the bureau and the overall situation, current and is long term and so on the relations, both must consider partial and the current benefit, and must have the total view, can take the entire situation into account, adaptation development. This instruction booklet repairs a vehicle the low electrical power distribution systems for some mechanical factory electricity and the workshop transformer substation design explanation. This workshop main transformer capacity is 630kVA,various voltages rank respectively is 10kV and 0.4kV, the workshop load is three kinds of loads. According to designs the project description the request, this design main content includes: The workshop load computation and the idle work compensate; definite workshop transformer substation institute site and pattern; Workshop transformer substation host electric coil plan; Short-circuit current computation; mainly current collector choice and verification; Workshop transformer substation setup UPS and anti-radar protection and grounding design and so on .This is my preliminary design, plus all my design data and sources may incomplete, therefore, I instructed by my professors to help me to select some innovative/ newer material, such as the electrical equipment parameter general quotation existing product, the individual parameter. The computation methods are according to “Factory power supply Design Instruction” to stipulate carries on the computation. After those verification and computation from those resources, it can be guarantee to be ore reliable. It is appreciate and grateful that if you (professor) can point out my mistakes, errors, omissions or misunderstand concepts, based on this is my beginner level of energy design that may