小学英语四种基本句型肯定句否定句一般疑问句与特殊疑问句

肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的详解一、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义1 肯定句：表示肯定的意思，即不含有否定词“不”。我是一个学生 I am a stude nt.他去上学He goes to school.2. 否定句：表示否定的意思。我不是一个男孩。I am not a boy他不去上学He does _not go to school.3. 一般疑问句：回答为“是yes”或者“否no”的问句。你是一个学生吗？Are you a stude nt?你喜欢英语吗？Do you like En glish?4. 特殊疑问句：回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的问句，根据提问内容具体回答现在几点了？ What' the time?哪一支笔是你的？Which is your pe n?二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换 有 am, is, are 的句子 |肯定句变否定句：在am, is, are后面加上not，其余按顺序照抄。*肯定句变一般疑问句：把am, is, are提前放到句首并大写Am, Is, Are,其余照抄。肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分（划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现）第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。1. 肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换肯定句：This is a book.否定句： This is not a book.一般疑问句：Is this a book?肯定回答：Yes, it is.否定回答：No, it isn't.2. 就划线部分提问（变特殊疑问句）This is a book.第一步：变一般疑问句Is this a book?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词Is this what ?第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。What is this?没有 am, is, are的句子|肯定句变否定句:在主语后面加上do not或者does not其余按顺序照抄 动词用原形 斗肯定句变一般疑问句：在句首加do或者does并大写，其余照抄。注意：动词用原形 I肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分（ 划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现） 第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。1肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换非单三时用do,单三时用does非单三 厂肯定句:I like English.J 一般疑问句：Do you like English?-否定句：I do not | like En glish.单三 -肯定句：He likes English.: 一般疑问句：Does helike English? 否定句：He does notlike English.2就划线部分提问（变特殊疑问句）I like En glish.第一步：先变一般疑问句Do . you like En glish?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do. you like what?第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分What do you like?常用特殊疑问词及词组：whe n什么时间（问时间）what date什么日期 问具体日期who谁（问人）what place什么地点问具体地址whose谁的问主人how怎么样问情况where在哪里问地点how old多大问年龄which哪一个问选择how many多少问数量why为什么问原因how much多少问价钱what什么冋东西how about 怎么样冋意见what time什么时间问时间how far多远问路程what colour什么颜色问颜色how long 多长 问时间what about怎么样冋意见How soon 多快，多久问时间what day星期几问星期How often多久冋频率.句子的种类类别用法标点例句陈述句r冃疋叙述一件事情或说明说话人的看法This is a bag.That's my book.I can see a bag over there.I don't know.否定疑问句一般用于提出问题?Are you a stude nt? Do you like puppets?Can you speak En glish?特殊用于提出问题?What's your n ame?Where's my bag?How many trees are there?选择用于提出问题?Is your friend a boy or a girl?反意用于提出问题?It's a fine day, is n't it?祈使句表示命令或请求、建议或！Put it here!Look at the no ticeboard.感叹句表示惊讶赞美愤怒等强烈情感!How smart!Glad to see you!What a nice pencil case!特殊：l. some变为 anyThere are some birds in the tree. f There aren't any birds in the tree.但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。Would you like some orange juice?与此相关的一些不定代词如 somethi ng, somebody等也要进行相应变化。2. and 变为 orI have a knife and a ruler. f I don't have a knife or a ruler.3. a lot of （=lots of变为 many 或 muchThey have a lot of friends.（可数名词）f They don't have many friends.There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可数名词）f There isn't much orange in the bottle.4. already 变为 yetI have bee n there already.f I have n't bee n there yet.熟记变特殊疑问句时，容易判断错的情况。表示加法：Six and two is eight.表示价格：The shirt is thirty yua n .表示多少：I have three brothers.What' s six and two?How much is the shirt?How many brothers do you have?2、姓名和人表示人名： My name is Gina .What' s your n ame?1、数词表示年龄：He is fifty-five.How old is he ?表示时间：It ' fifty-five.What' s the time?Who is the woma n表示人： The woma n is Gi na.3、长度和距离表示距离：It ' five hundred metres away from here. How far is it from here?表示长度：It ' five hundred metres. How long is it ?4、颜色，东西表示颜色： The shoes are white. What color are the shoes?表示物： They are white sheep. What are they?表示颜色： They are white sheep. What color are these sheep?5、名词所有格和人表示名词所有格：She' s Lucy sister. Whose sister is she?表示人：She' s Lucy ' s sister Who is she?练一练1 （用特殊疑问词填空）:1、A:is the boy in blue?B:He' s Mike.2、A:wallet is it?B:It ' s mine.3、A:is the diary?B:It ' s under the chair.4、A:is the Chirstmas Day?B: It ' s on thM 25 December.5、A:are the earph on es?B:They are 25 yua n.6、A:is the hairdryer?B:It ' s blue.7、A:is it today?B:It ' s Sun day.8、A:was it yesterday?thB: It was the 13 of October.9、A:this red one?B:It ' s beautiful.10、A:is it from here?B:It ' s about two kilometreiway.11、A: Can I have some paper and some crayons?B:?A: I want to make a kite.12、A:one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? B: The blue one.13、 A:is your cousin? B: He ' s 15 years old.14、 A:do you have dinner? B: At 6 o ' clock练一练2:1、It ' s a boo改一般疑问句）2、My father is in the study.（对划线部分提问）3、 Do you watch TV every Sun day?（做肯定回答）4、This picture is very beautiful.（改为以 what 引导的感叹句）5、Kick the ball to me!（改为否定句）6、 I have a big prese nt.（对划线部分提问）7、There are some orange trees on the farm.（改为单数句子 ）练一练3：1. is this? It' s a rubber.2. rubbers are there in the pen cilbox?3. is your brother? He ' s nine.4. are they? They are cows.5. are you? I ' m fine.6. do you feel? We are happy.7