2022年考博英语-南京大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷70

2022年考博英语-南京大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题 As the leaves turn yellow and fall, you can feel the（ ）of winter.问题1选项A.approachB.effectC.surroundingD.specimen【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。approach“靠近”；effect “作用”；surrounding “周围的事物”；specimen “样本，标本”。句意：当树叶变黄掉落，你可以感受到冬天的到来。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题We shall probably never be able to（  ） the exact nature of these sub-atomic particles.问题1选项A.assertB.impartC.ascertainD.notify【答案】C【解析】考查上下文动词词义解析。assert “维护，主张”；impart “给予，传授”；ascertain “确定，查明”；notify “通知，公布”。句意：我们也许永远不能确定这些亚原子粒子的确切性质。选项C符合题意3. 单选题My grandpa gave me a watch, which is made of gold, （ ）I keep to this day.问题1选项A.and thusB.andC.soD.and which【答案】D【解析】考查语法。题目中有两个非限制性定语从句，第一个由which引导，先行词在定语从句中做主语，第二个也需用关系代词which，先行词在定语从句中做宾语，所以也不能省略，选项D符合题意。4. 单选题Plato-who may have understood better what forms the mind of man than do some of our contemporaries who want their children exposed only to “real” people and everyday events-knew what intellectual experiences make for true humanity. He suggested that the future citizens of his ideal republic begin their literary education with the telling of myths, rather than with mere facts or so-called rational teachings. Even Aristotle, master of pure reason, said, “The friend of wisdom is also a friend of myth.”Modern thinkers who have studied myths and fairy tales from a philosophical or psychological viewpoint arrive at the same conclusion, regardless of their original persuasion. Mircea Eliade, for one, describes these stories as models for human behavior that give meaning and value to life. ” He and others suggest that myths and fairy tales were derived from, or give symbolic expression to, initiation rites or rites of passage such as metaphoric death of an old, inadequate self in order to be reborn on a higher plane of existence. He feels that this is why these tales meet a strongly felt need and are carriers of such deep meaning.Other investigations with a depth-psychological orientation emphasize the similarities between the fantastic events in myths and fairy tales and those in adult dreams and daydreams the fulfillment of wishes, the winning out over all competitors, the destruction of enemies-and conclude that one attraction of this literature is its expression of that which is normally prevented from coming to awareness. There are, however, very significant differences between fairy tales and dreams.There is general agreement that myths and fairy tales speak to us in the language of symbols representing unconscious content. Their appeal is simultaneously to our conscious mind, and to our ideals as well. This makes it very effective; and in the tales content, inner psychological phenomena are given in symbolic form.1.In the opening paragraph, the author quotes Plato and Aristotle primarily in order to（ ）.2.In paragraph 2, the word “persuasion” means（ ）.3.It can be inferred from the passage that the authors interest in fairy tales centers chiefly on their4.Which of the following best describes the authors attitude toward fairy tales?问题1选项A.define the nature of mythB.contrast their opposing points of viewC.support the point that myths are valuableD.prove that myths originated in ancient times问题2选项A.enticementB.convincing forceC.political partD.opinion问题3选项A.literary qualitiesB.historical backgroundC.psychological relevanceD.ethical weakness问题4选项A.Open approvalB.Reluctant fascination.C.Indulgent tolerance.D.Wary skepticism.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A【解析】1.主旨题，考查对文意的理解。根据第一段，“He suggested that the future citizens of his ideal republic begin their literary education with the telling of myths”，柏拉图想让国家的公民以神话故事开始他们的文学教育，亚里士多德也认为神话和智慧同等重要，选项C符合题意。2.词义理解题。persuasion 本身具有“信念”的意思，文章意思是，那些近代思想家们无论原本的理念是什么，从哲学和心理学的角度去研究神话故事都会得到相同的结论。所以opinion也有想法，信念的意思。选项D符合题意。3.信息推断题。根据文章第三段“other investigations with a depth-psychological orientation”，深度的心理调查，看出作者主要是对其中的心理方面感兴趣，根据第四段“in the tales content, inner psychological phenomena are given in symbolic form”，在故事中，内在的心理现象以象征的形式呈现，也表明了作者对心理的兴趣。选项C符合题意。4.文意理解题。文章第一段作者就表明对神话故事的学习持支持态度，第二段也提出了神话故事的意义所在，最后一段谈到了神话故事的象征意义和心理形式也同样有吸引力，所以作者是赞同肯定的态度。选项A符合题意。5. 单选题The animal dissection requirement of biology classes has been getting under the skin of students for generations, and there have always been some who asked to be excused from the requirement. Now, a growing number of technological alternatives are making it possible for students to swap that scalpel for a computer mouse. There are laws in nearly a dozen states including California, Florida, New York protecting a students choice to learn about animal anatomy sans scalpel. Some students choosing to opt out feel we should be kinder to our web-footed friends. Others are just queasy at the thought of rubbery frog bodies and the smell of formaldehyde.“Dissecti