地震安全手册

Are You Prepared for the Next Earthquake?你为下一次地震做好准备了吗？This booklet is designed to help you and your family plan for and survive a major earthquake. By taking action to be prepared, you can lessen the impact of an earthquake on your family. Set aside some emergency supplies, and teach your family what to do at home during and after a disaster. You could be without help for up to 72 hours, so learn to cope for at least that long.Movement of the ground is seldom the actual cause of death or injury. Most casualties result from partial building collapse and falling objects and debris, like toppling chimneys, falling bricks, ceiling plaster, and light fixtures. Many of these conditions are easily preventable.Because earthquakes occur without warning, it 's important to take steps now to prepare, so that you know what you can do and how to respond constructive, protective action is possible.这本小册子旨在帮助你和家人学会未雨绸缪， 以便在大地震时逃生。 事先进行准备， 可 以减少地震带来的冲击。 做一些适当的应急储备， 并告诉你的家人在灾难中和灾难之后该做 些什么。当灾难发生时，你很可能在 72 小时之内得不到任何救助。因此，至少要学会如何 撑过 72 个小时。地震中地面的移动一般不会直接造成伤亡。 大多数伤亡是由建筑物的坍塌以及物体和建 筑物残骸坠落造成。比如，倒塌的烟囱、落下的砖头、天花板上的泥块以及灯具等。而多数 情况都是易于避免的。地震发生前是没有征兆的，因此，从现在就开始进行准备相当重要。这样一来，你才会知道 灾难发生时该做什么，该如何应对，如何进行有意义的自我保护。Have on Hand for Any Emerge ncy Ideas for Home, Workplace, and Car为突发状况准备趁手的的应急物品：家里、办公地点、汽车上如何应急Because you don't know where you will be when an earthquake occurs, prepare a Disaster Supplies Kit for your home, workplace, and car.因为你不知道地震发生的时候自己会在哪儿， 所以， 在家里、 办公地点以及汽车上，都 准备一套抗灾装备吧。【水】 Water. Store at least 1 gall on of water per pers on per day and be prepared for a 72-hour period. A normally active person needs at least ? gallon of water daily just for drinking. In determining adequate quantities, take the following into account:每人每天至少需储备1 加仑（3.8 升）的水，并按此标准一次备够72 小时之用。一般情况下，一个活跃的正常人，光饮用，每天就需要消耗 1/2 加仑（ 1.9 升）的水。为了保证足够 的量，应考虑以下因素： In dividual n eeds vary depe nding on age, physical con diti on, activity, diet, and climate. Childre n, nursing mothers, and ill people n eed more water. Very hot temperatures can double the amount of water needed. A medical emergency might require more water.* 个体需求量因年龄、体质、活动量、饮食、气候等而有差异。* 儿童、哺乳期妇女、病人需水量更大。* 高温天气会使需水量成倍增加。* 医疗紧急情况会需要更多的水。It is recommended that you buy commercially bottled water. Keep bottled water in its original container and do not open it until you need to use it. Also, pay attention to the expiration or "use by" date.建议你购买一些瓶装水。不要拆开瓶装水的原包装，在必须使用之前不要打开。另外， 要注意保质期或者最晚饮用日期。If you choose to prepare your own containers of water, you should buy air-tight, food-grade water storage containers from surplus or camping supply stores. Before filling the containers, clean them with dish washing soap and water, and rinse them completely so that there is no residual soap. Water stored in your own containers should be replaced about every 6 months.In addition to water, have purification tablets such as Halazone and Globaline, but be sure to read the label on the bottle before using the tablets.如果你准备用自己的容器装水，你应该从军用品或者野营用品专门店购买那种不漏气 的、专门储存食品的盛水容器。 在装水之前， 要用餐具专用洗涤剂和水清洗容器， 并用水冲 净，以免洗涤剂残留。容器内的水必须每 6 个月更换一次。除了水之外，还需要一些净化用 的药片，比如哈拉宗（Halazone）、高碘甘氨酸（Globaline），但在使用这些药片之前，一定 要先看看瓶子上的标签。 （译者：请向专业人士或医护人员资讯上述药品的使用！ ）【食品】Food. It's always a practical idea to keep a supply of non-perishable food on hand that can be rotated into your diet and replenished on a regular basis. Have a sufficient supply of canned or dehydrated food, powdered milk, and canned juices for at least 72 hours. Dried cereals and fruits and non-salted nuts are good sources of nutrition. Keep the following points in mind:并可将其加入作为一个很实用的主意， 应经常准备一些不易腐坏的食品以便随时食用。日常的饮食之中，并定期补充储备。准备足够 72 小时之用的听装食品或脱水食品、奶粉，以及听装果汁。干麦片、水果和无盐干果是很好的营养源。请注意以下几点： Avoid foods that will make you thirsty. Choose salt-free crackers, whole grain cereals, and canned goods with high liquid content. Stock foods that do not require refrigeration, cooking, water, or special preparation. You may already have many of these on hand. Remember to include foods for infants and special dietary needs.* 不要选择那些让你容易口渴的食品。 选择无盐饼干、 全麦麦片和富含流质的罐装食品。* 只储备无需冷藏、烹饪或特殊处理的食品。类似食品可供选择的有很多。* 别忘了食品中应包括婴儿和特殊饮食需要者的食品。 你还应该准备一些厨房用具和炊 具，尤其是手动开罐器。You should also have kitchen accessories and cooking utensils, especially a manual can opener.【应急灯和备用电池】 Flashlights and spare batteries. Keep a flashlight beside your bed, at your place of work, and in your car. Do not use matches or candles after an earthquake until you are certain that no gas leaks exist.在你的床边、工作地点以及车里放一盏应急灯。不要在地震后使用火柴或蜡烛 , 除非你 能确定没有瓦斯泄漏。【便携式电池供电收音机或电视机以及备用电池】 Portable, battery-powered radio or television and spare batteries. Most telephones will be out of order or used for emergency purposes, so radios will be your best source of information. You may also want to have a battery-powered CB or other two-way radio.大多数电话将会无法使用或只能供紧急用途， 所以收音机将会是你最好的信息来源。 如 有可能，你还应当准备电池供电的收发报机和无线对讲机。急救箱和急救手册】 First aid kit and manual. Keep a first aid kit at