股份制商业银行轻型化探讨

南京财经大学红山学院本科毕业论文（设计）南京财经大学红山学院本科毕业论文（设计）学校代码：13990本科毕业论文（设计）中文题目： 股份制商业银行轻型化探讨英文题目： Discussion on the lightening of joint-stock commercial banks系 部：金融税收系专业班级： 金融1756班学 号：2220170453姓 名：钱琳怡指导教师：吉雨婷完成时间： 2021 年 2 月 20 日目录摘要 IABSTRACT III一、引 言 1二、文献综述 2三、股份制商业银行轻型化发展的背景3四、股份制商业银行“轻型化”战略转型动因5五、招商银行实现轻型化转型的过程和方式6六、探讨股份制商业银行轻型化路径10七、商业银行轻型化发展可能会遇到的问题 12八、针对商业银行发展潜在问题的对策13九、总结 14参考文献 17南京财经大学红山学院本科毕业论文（设计）股份制商业银行轻型化探讨摘要近年来，中国经济金融正在经历由“重”转“轻”的结构性变革，传统金融的高成本投入、低 收益、高污染和高耗能化已经不适应现代新金融的发展需求。我国的经济主体已经由传统的劳动密 集型和资本密集型产业向以技术密集型和服务业为主的轻型产业结构转变，这就说明了过去粗放型 经营模式已然不适应今天经济发展的需要，随着利率市场化、金融脱媒、客户需求多样化、国内供 给侧改革和国外金融危机的影响，商业银行的发展面临着严峻的考验，而我国的商业银行也需顺应 金融业轻型化发展的洪流，摒弃旧的经营模式，转而投身于以建设轻型化商业银行为方向，将自身 的发展模式转变成内涵集约型的轻型化发展中去，从而推动自身轻型化转变。商业银行的轻型化分 为资产负债轻型化和管理轻型化，而资产轻型化重点在于调整商业银行的资产负债结构，在加强资 本管理的基础上，将传统的网点模式转变成掌上银行，减少场地使用成本，同时利用人工智能机器 人以做到节约成本的目的，这只是商业银行资产轻型化的一小点。那什么是负债轻型化呢？将过去 粗放重型经营模式转向小额度模式，规避风险的同时利用社会征信，在信用体系的框架下赚取安全 稳定的利润。商业银行管理轻型化又分为两大类，即外部经营管理轻型化、内部管理轻型化，大致 意义上是随着利率市场化为导向，外部转变经营管理模式，寻找潜在客户群体；内部管理轻型化是 指节约人手，引进人才，减少开支同时等深化内部控制体系，做到内部管理更轻便。本文将立足于股份制商业银行发展现状，指出当前宏观环境和自身经营困境不利于商业银行的 可持续发展，从而引出股份制商业银行走轻型化道路的必然性，而本文秉承理论分析和实力相结合 的观点，着重选取招商银行轻型化转型为例，由点入面，不仅是因为招商银行的轻型化具有典型性 和代表性，是中国最早一批将自身资产、资本轻型化的股份制商业银行，同时也避免出现分析所有 股份制商业银行轻型化路径而出现眉毛胡子一把抓，不能突出重点、漏洞百出的问题。以招商银行 轻型化的具体案例为依托，研究如何实现商业银行轻型化的路径，先分析在实施轻型化的道路上会出现的问题和然后将影响商业银行轻型化的因素进行分类，再利用矛盾特殊性的办法，抓住重点， 从点、线、面各维度出发，深度剖析实现轻型化的具体方法，提出招商银行轻型化包括资产轻型化 和管理轻型化：一、资产轻型化是指构建轻资产业务体系；二、细化表内表外内务，将资产负债表 轻型化，节约成本，从客户源头探寻“轻”的经营模式；三、依托社会信用体系创新小额贷款方式 加强风险控制；四、自身内部管理体系和流程轻型化，雇佣高质量人才，减少人力成本投入；六、 利用互联网便利发展轻型化互联网金融。文末进行总结，升华合理控制资本规模、转型业务结构、 加强资本管理的资本节约的轻型化道路成为了当前商业银行探寻新发展的必由之路。全文以招商银 行轻型化为主线，再依据上述步骤依次开展对股份制商业银行轻型化的探讨，将本人对股份制商业 银行轻型化方式和看法表述出来。关键词：股份制商业银行；轻型化；招商银行；资本轻型；Discussion on the lightening of joint-stock commercialbanksABSTRACTIn recent years, China's economy and finance are undergoing a structural transformation from "heavy" to "light". The high cost, low return, high pollution and high energy consumption of traditional finance can no longer meet the development needs of modern new finance.Economic subject in our country have been made by the traditional labor intensive and capital intensive industry to technology intensive and services, light industrial structure transformation, which explains the past extensive management pattern has not adapted to the needs of economic development today, with the marketization of interest rate, financial disintermediation, customer demand diversity, domestic supply side reform and international financial crisis, the influence of the development of commercial Banks is facing serious test, but our country's commercial Banks also need to meet the development of financial industry light-duty torrent, abandon the old business model, to the construction of light-duty commercial Banks as the direction,To change their own development mode into the connotation of intensive lightweight development, so as to promote their own lightweight transformation.Light-duty light-duty divided into assets and liabilities of commercial Banks and management of light-duty, light-duty and assets focus is to adjust the structure of assets and liabilities of commercial Banks, on the basis of strengthening the management of the capital, the traditional network model into a handheld Banks, reducing floor use cost, at the same time use the robot of artificial intelligence to achieve the purpose of cost savings, this is just a small point of the light-duty commercial bank assets.So what is debt-lightening?The past extensive heavy business model to a small amount of the model, to avoid risks at the same time, the use of social credit, in the framework of the credit system to earn safe and stable profits.The lightening of commercial bank management can be divided into two categories, namely, the lightening of external operation and management and the lightening of internal management. In a general sense, with the market-oriented of interest rate, the external operation and management mode can be changed to find potential customer groups.Lighter internal management means to save manpower, introduce talents, reduce expenses and so on at the same time deepen the internal control system, so that the internal management is more light.Will be based on the current situation of the development of shareholding commercial Banks, this paper points out that the current macro environment and their own management dilemma is not conducive to the sustainable development of commercial Banks, which leads to joint stock commercial Banks of necessity of the light-duty road, adhering to the theoretical analysis and strength in this paper the idea of combining pick China merchants bank, light-duty transformation, for example, by the point into the surface, not only because of light-duty of China merchants bank, the typical and representative, is the first in China to its own assets, the capital of the light-duty joint-stock commercial Bank