高考英语短文填词指导与训练

高考英语短文填词指导与训练 高三英语备课组主讲：李云庆一、题型说明1. 形式：重点考查单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力；在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上，把握短文主旨大意，运用所学语言知识填空，使短文语篇完整。2. 选材：第一行不设题，其余每行挖空一处设一题；考查以实词为主，兼顾其他词性。3. 提示方式: 有首字母提示、汉语提示、语境提示。用一个单词的适当形式填空。4. 答案的唯一性: 只能填入一个答案，超过一个的，该小题以零分计。二、主要考点：短文填词以考查实词为主，兼及虚词。下表是2009年福建省质检和高考试题中短文填词部分考查的要点。考点名词动词形容词副词代词介词省质检stampsinterestwritelisteningbelookingmodest  myselfwhichduring 高考grammarbeginningincludesgivenbenefitpossible carefully ourselveswhichin 三、命题方向.名词：考查可数名词、不可数名词，可数名词的单复数形式，名词的所有格。常见错误：1.忽略名词的复数形式或不规则变化。One of the      (乘客)taking the plane to Paris is a famous writer.I set a trap for           (老鼠), but I failed to catch any one.2.可数名词和不可数名词区分不清。We've just bought a big house and need some new           (家具).We offered our             (祝贺)to Li Ping on winning the first prize in the National English Competition.The teacher gave us some a          on how to learn English well.动词：考查动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词及动词形式的不规则变化。常见错误：1.不清楚动词的正确形式。The idea started in Stand and has         (传开)throughout the country.The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without           (参考)to his notes.2.忽略时态或语态。I hadn't seen him for years, but still I           (听出)his voice on the phone.Please speak as slowly as you can to make yourself        (理解).3忽略非谓语动词形式。We've looking forward to        (收到)your letter as soon as possible.John has a bad cold. He kept           (咳嗽)the whole night.It's no use           (后悔)what you have done.Do you think           (游泳)is allowed in the river?. 形容词、副词：考查形容词与副词的区别及其比较级和最高级。常见错误：1.形容词、副词的选择不当。Do you know how many countries belong to            （欧洲）Union?The government will take        (立刻)action to punish the criminals.Please think           (仔细)before you answer the questions.2.不清楚形容词、副词的比较级、最高级形式。You'll feel           (凉爽)to stand in the shade than in the sun.Losing the game, but Mary seemed h       than the winner. 代词：考查代词的主格、宾格、形容词性和名词性物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、关系代词等。I think       is a good idea for us students to have daily sports.We spend an hour a day on exercise,          is well worth doing.The porter and I looked each other, and then he said s         but I can't understand it.常见短语及搭配：（兼顾介词）          present, about 20% of the smokers have given up smoking.It is important for drivers to focus  what is going on around them.Could you tell me how to get rid           this bad habit?G          speaking, parents care more about their children's health than about their own. 常见从句的掌握：一般以考查从句的连接词为主，而宾语从句、定语从句及时间状语从句的连接词出现的频率较高。（兼顾连词）They should be responsible for _they made.His movie won several awards at the film festival, _ was beyond his wildest dream.One day, _ he was working in the field, he     heard a striking sound.His wife is worried and afraid     drinking will destroy theirhappy life as well as Li Hua himself.近义词，形似词的考查She is very pretty, but that kind of face doesnt _ ( 吸引)to me.More than 100,000 people were killed in 2004 Asian tsunami,          (包括) thousands of foreigners.The successful film is a       from a well-known novel.数词和星期、月份等：易拼写错误的数词，重点是序数词。月份或星期首字母大写。The           (第十二)man in a football team will play if one of the other players is ill.I'll go and see you next           (星期六).          (一月)is the first month of the year.四、解题技巧：. 跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意。. 复读短文，结合语境，确定词义。. 周密分析，上下兼顾，确定词性。. 依据搭配，遵循语法，正确拼写。. 全面考虑，仔细检查，不忘大小写。实践题Do you like friends who can teach you a lot every day? Books ares     friends because they bring knowledge to us and keep us company  1.        through our life. They are so valuable that        (图书馆) are built      2.       to        (存放) them. Almost all great men are lovers of books.        3.       Franklin said that it was books that l       him to success and          4.       that he could have achieved nothing w       books. Books are             5.       the holders of mankinds _(经验) and imagination. They enable       6.       us to see through the past and predict the        . So when you open   7.       a book, you would get into a world _ you have never been        8.       before. A good book is a good teacher that h       you to get over .    9.        difficulties No matter what you are, _or old, poor or rich,           10.      books are your devoted friends. Love books and love life.词类考查分析名词动词形容词副词介词代词      五、练习序号考       点举         例 【省质检】【高考】1名词：可数、不可数，可数名词的单复数形式，名词的所有格Reading novels and collecting stamps(邮票)are my favorites.we have to check our compositions, paying attention to grammar (语法) and spelling.2动词：时态、语态、非谓语动词及动词形式的不规则变化I guess life in London must be wonderful with so many places of interest to visit.Mr. Smith offe