上海2011导游员考试英语豫园课件

赵宝国限本人学习使用景区 概况|方位|范围z老城区|定位z历史文化|主要景观z城隍庙精神z市场经济z豫园（重点）-休闲历史：1559-1587；1760-1784； 1956-1961；1986-1988；2003特点l古、幽、美|Tips for the Guide|Yuyuan Garden and environs is the most traditional of Shanghai. It is a historic area, featuring religion， shopping, catering, and leisure. As the origin of urban Shanghai, it offers an insight into the traditional Chinese urban life in comparison with the modern city. The layout of the area, the architecture, the business life, and the leisure ground are all features of the traditional community. The introduction to this area usually covers its location, history, traditional features, and attractions, with Yuyuan Garden as the focus. In the introduction to Yuyuan Garden, it is advisable to include its name and construction, its founder and designer, its layout and highlights as well as its history. 概况方位 定位 规模 景点|Yuyuan Garden and its environs are located a few blocks south of the Bund. The locals call it the Old Town or the Old City Temple as the temple used to be the center of the public life. Before the mid- 19th century, this area had been the downtown of Shanghai for several hundred years. | the Old Town was not a large city in physical terms. Its diameter was about one mile. In 1990s, part of this former walled city was restored. The restored area is now a large pedestrian mall and alleyway labyrinth . Within its bounds are some marvelous attractions, including the City God Temple, the Yuyuan Garden, the Huxingting Teahouse and the Bridge of Nine Turnings, and hundreds of traditional Chinese shops and restaurants. 城隍庙二城隍 布局 历史|The City God Temple in the southeast of this complex had been the center of the towns public life. The earliest shrine was outside the city. It was by the Ming period that the preferred location for city temples was in the center of the city, near the government offices. The temple had originally been dedicated to the popular deity Huoguang, an ancient general. In the Ming period a new city god was selected as the guardian of Shanghai, whose name was Qin Yubo. Since the image of Huoguang could not be removed, a new hall was constructed behind the original building, so that the new “back hall” became the temple of the new city god and the old “front hall” containing the statue of Huoguang became its forecourt. The temple was rebuilt once more and rededicated in 1602. In later years, the temple was repaired and added to several times. The present temple keeps its original layout with two courts which are flanked by minor shrines on both sides for other deities in Taoism. It has some fine carvings on the roof and such peculiar articles as a big abacus at the entrance. The temple was restored to its religious service in 1994. 豫园园主 设计者 用途 变迁|In the northwest lies Yuyuan Garden, the largest and best known of the historic gardens of Shanghai. In 1559, Pan Yunduan, a wealthy member of the gentry, hired the famous garden designer Zhang Nanyang to design a large garden on land situated just north of the county hall. Called the Yuyuan Garden or Pleasure Garden, it was built so that his father might enjoy the garden in his old age. Finished in 1587, it covered some four hectares of land. As the gardens in Suzhou and Yangzhou, Yuyuan Garden was a private venture during the Ming period. In 1760, the garden was offered for sale by a Pan family heir. Money for it was raised by the transport merchants of Shanghai, who donated the garden to the City Temple. The former Yuyuan Garden was no longer private but rather open and accessible to the public. some Shanghai local merchants soon began to use them as a meeting place for common-trade guilds. These groups refurbished the old pavilions and halls in the gardens and built new ones to serve as their offices. Large parts of the gardens were open to the public on a casual basis; the gardens became a social center. During the Opium War the garden was ransacked by British officers and again by the French during the Taiping Revolution. 特色湖心亭 九曲桥|Since 1950s, the garden has been renovated a couple of times and is enlisted in the National Heritage. Occupying just 2 hectares, the restored garden is a remarkable maze of gorgeous pavilions, elaborate rockeries, quaint bridges, and rippling fish ponds, encircled by a massive, undulating wall. The traditional layout of the estate has produced several dozen gardens-within-gardens, each partially concealed by white walls but connected to the next sector by corridors and curiously shaped doors.|South of the entrance to the Yuyuan Garden is a picturesque gabled building on stone pillars in a pool, approached by zigzag bridges. It is one of the most famous teahouses in China. This 200- year old pavilion is supposed to be the original of the teahouse on “willow-pattern” plates. Locals call it Huxingting, or Mid-lake Pavilion. The pool and its surroundings were once