2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷66（附答案带详解）

2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Stevenson found no（ ）to carry on the work of his father.问题1选项A.aptitudeB.reactionC.arrangementD.polarization【答案】C【解析】 Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONEaptitude天资, 自然倾向；reaction反应；arrangement安排, 打算；polarization两极化。have no arrangement to do“没有的打算”, 选项C符合句意。2. 单选题He carried a pale bone which he kept throwing out into the dune for the bird dog to _.问题1选项A.castB.traceC.chaseD.retrieve【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项cast“扔，掷，抛”；B选项trace“寻找到，追踪”；C选项chase“追赶，追捕”；D选项retrieve“（从不属于某物应该在的地方）找回，取回”。句意：他拿着一根白骨，不断把它扔到沙丘里，让猎鸟犬去_。骨头被反复扔到沙丘里，就是为了让狗去取回，因此D选项正确。3. 单选题My aunt（ ）a brightly-colored thread round her finger so as not to forget her appointment.问题1选项A.woundB.curvedC.spunD.bent【答案】A【解析】wind缠绕；curve使弯曲；spin旋转；bend弯曲。句意：阿姨在手指上绕了一根颜色鲜艳的线, 这样就不会忘记她的约定了。选项A符合语境。4. 翻译题长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。如果你到了中国却没去过长城，就像到了巴黎没去看菲尔铁塔 (Eiffel Tower)，或者就像到了埃及没去看金字塔一样。人们常说：“不到长城非好汉。”实际上，长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙，直到秦朝统一中国后才将其连接成长城。然而，今天我们看到的长城东起山海关，西至嘉峪关大部分都是在明代修建的。【答案】The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world that created by human beings! If you come to China without climbing the Great Wall, its just like going Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower; or going to Egypt without visiting the Pyramids! Men often say, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.” In fact, it began as independent walls for different states when it was first built, and did not become the “Great Wall” until the Qin Dynasty. However, the wall we see today, starting from Shanhaiguan Pass in the east to Jiayuguan Pass in the west, was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty.5. 单选题Professor Hawking is（ ） as one of the worlds greatest living physicists.问题1选项A.dignifiedB.clarifiedC.acknowledgedD.illustrated【答案】C【解析】dignify使高贵，授予荣誉；clarify澄清，阐明；acknowledge承认，认可；illustrate阐明，举例。句意：霍金教授被公认是当今世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。选项C符合语境。6. 单选题If one brand of computer is （ ）with another brand, they can be used together and can use the same software.问题1选项A.competentB.compulsoryC.comparableD.compatible【答案】D【解析】competent 胜任的, 有能力的；compulsory 义务的, 必修的；comparable同等的, 可比较的；compatible兼容的, 能共处的。句意：如果一个品牌的电脑与另一个品牌的电脑兼容, 它们就可以一起使用, 并且可以使用相同的软件。选项D符合句意。7. 单选题He gave us an（ ）consent to take the apples, for he smiled when he saw us do it问题1选项A.exaggeratedB.implicitC.impartialD.extravagant【答案】B【解析】exaggerated夸张的；implicit含蓄的, 暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的, 浪费的。句意：他默许我们拿走苹果, 因为当他看到我们这样做时, 他笑了。选项B符合句意。8. 单选题The （ ）of modem bridge is made of concrete or steel and covered with something else.问题1选项A.archB.platformC.skeletonD.coating【答案】A【解析】arch拱形, 拱门；platform平台, 月台；skeleton骨架, 骨骼；coating 涂层, 包衣。句意：现代桥梁的拱是由混凝土或钢制成的, 上面覆盖着其他的材料。选项A符合句意。9. 单选题Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished his（ ）tale.问题1选项A.sympatheticB.patheticC.syntheticD.interesting【答案】B【解析】sympathetic同情的；pathetic悲惨的；synthetic综合的，人造的；interesting有趣的。根据句意可知，观众们都哭了，说明这是一个悲惨的故事。选项B更符合语境。10. 单选题We will introduce legislation to simplify trademark registrations and extend the rights they _.问题1选项A.conferB.excludeC.allotD.commend【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项confer“授予（奖项、学位、荣誉或权利）”；B选项exclude“不放在考虑之列；防止进入，阻止参加，把排斥在外”；C选项allot“分配，配给（时间、钱财等）；分派（任务等）”；D选项commend“赞扬；举荐”。句意：我们将出台立法，简化商标注册程序，扩大他们_的权利。横线处和they形成主谓关系来修饰rights“权利”，A选项confer“授予（奖项、学位、荣誉或权利）”对应rights“权利”，符合题意。因此A选项正确。11. 单选题Economic liberalism was the prevailing economic philosophy in much of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the U.S. economy developed within its framework. Economic liberalism promoted freedom of action for the individual and the firm through the doctrines of free trade, self-interest, private property, laissez-faire, and competition.According to this philosophy, individuals were free to seek their own occupations, to enter any business, and to act as they saw fit to improve their economic welfare. Economic society was held together by self-interest. Self-interest was thus the motivating force of the economy. For example, to increase personal economic welfare, an individual might decide to produce goods and sell them for profit. But in so doing, that individual automatically benefited the community as wellby purchasing raw materials, providing employment, and supplying goods or services. A worker seeking increase his or her wages could do so by increasing productivity. This, too, benefited the employer and the community in general. According to Adam Smith, the individual, in seeking personal gain, was led by an invisible hand to promote the welfare of the whole community.Competition was the regulation of the economy under economic liberalism. Business competed with one