Unit1语法-情态动词（学案-教师版） (2)

1Book 3-Unit 1 Grammar: Modal verbs(教师版教师版)Step1. Listen to an English song and fill in the blank with Modal verbs.I want to be with you - BONZO DOG BAND (1)There are things that must be done That are not yet begun Things that I must do When I want to be with you Although were far apart Youre with me in my heart No one else will do I just want to be with you(2)I want to be with you Cant you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me, my love(3)The two of us are one Mother of my son No one else will do I just want to be with you(4)I want to be with you Can you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me, my loveStep2. Explanation of the use of modal verbs 一、情态动词的基本用法一、情态动词的基本用法 情态动词表示说话人的预期或情绪，如可能、意愿、猜测、义务、需要等。情态动词有以下特征： 1、情态动词有一定的词义，但不能单独使用单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形动词原形构成谓语； 2、情态动词没有人称和数人称和数的变化，即不随主语的不同而变化； 3、情态动词除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接不带不带 to 的不定式的不定式； 4、情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词等形式。 5、但有些情态动词也有一般式和过去式的变化，如 may/ might, will/ would, shall/ should 等。情态动 词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在形式和过去形式都可以 用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。 e.g., 1）He cant finish his essay by this time. 现在他不可能写完论文。 2）You may use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 3）We must study hard and make progress every day. 我们必须好好学习，天天向上。 二、用法归纳二、用法归纳 1. can and could Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the modal verbs. 1）Can you speak Japanese? 2）He cant be at home now. 3）Can/ Could I have a look? 4) How can you be so rude? 5）Can you lift this heavy box? 6）Can this be true? 7) This cant be done by him. 8) It could be very interesting to go out for a drive. 归纳归纳 1：can and could (1)表示能力, ，常译为“能，会”，如例句 1, 5。 (2)表示对现在或过去情况的推测时，只用在否定句或疑问句中，如例句 2 。(3) 表示允许或请求 （在陈述句中属于“许可许可”，在疑问句中属于“请求请求”），常译为“可以”, 如例 句 3 。2(4) 用于否定句、疑问句中，表示惊讶、不相信、怀疑等, 如例句 4 , 6, 7 。 (5) 用于肯定的陈述句中，表示理论上的可能性，也可表示一时的情况，如例句 8 。 could 可表示能力或可能性，多用于过去，也可指现在，通常表示虚拟或作为 can 的委婉形式。 e.g., Can/ Could I use your cell phone? 我可以用用你的手机吗？2. may and might Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the modal verbs. 1) It may be true. 2) May I ask you a question? 3) May you be happy all your life. 4) May you succeed! 5) He may /might be very busy now. 6) Your mother may /might not know the truth. 归纳归纳 2：may and might (1)表示可能性，常用于肯定和否定句中, 如例句 1 。 (2) 表示请求或许可（在陈述句中属于“许可许可”，在疑问句中属于“请求请求”），常译成“可以”， 如例 句 2 。表示“请求”时，might 比 may 语气更委婉，类似 could/与 can。对其一般疑问句的肯定回答 可用 may 或 can, 但要作出否定回答时要用 mustnt 或 cant。mustnt 表示“不可以，不许” 。 (3) 用于祈使句，表示祝愿，如例句 3 ，4 。 (4) might 比 may 语气更委婉 may / might 表示推测时，表示对现在或将来要发生的事情把握不大，如例句 5 ， 6 。 表示对过去发生的动作进行的可能性推测用 might / may have done。 e.g., 1) He may have gone to the clinic.他可能去医务室了。2)He might have read about the news in the newspaper.他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。3. will and would Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the modal verbs. 1) Will / Would you please post the letter for me? 2) Go where you will. 3) She asked if I would go with them. 4) Oil will float on water. 5) Ask him. He will know. 6) When he was a child, he would often go skiing. 7) Every family would have some sort of trouble. 归纳归纳 3: will and would (1)表示意愿，will 表示现在的意愿，would 表示过去的意愿, 如例句 2, 3 。 (2) 表示征求意见或提出请求，主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，will 和 would 均可用，would 此时并不表 过去，而表示委婉语气, 如例句 1 。 (3) 表示习惯和倾向性, will 表示现在的习惯，would 表示过去的习惯, 如例句 4, 6 。 (4) 表示推测, will 用于谈论现在，would 可用于谈论过去，也可用于谈论现在(语气较委婉), 如例句 5, 7 。4. shall and should Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the modal verbs. 1) You shall do as I say. 2) Shall I open the window for you？ 3) Nothing shall stop me doing it. 4) Young people should learn how to use computers. 5) Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. 6) Shall he fetch some water for you？ 7) They left at 5:30. They should get there now. 8) You should have told her the truth earlier. 归纳归纳 4: shall and should (1) 在陈述句中, shall 用于第二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等，如例句 1, 3, 5 。3(2) 在疑问句中, shall 用于第一、三人称，用来表示请求或征求意见，如例句 2, 6 。 (3) should 常表示劝告、建议、命令。如例句 4 。 (4)表示责备或批评用 should have done, 意为“本应该但”, 如例句 8 。 (5) should 用于可能性推测时, 表“应该，很可能”, 如例句 7 。5. must and cant Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the modal verbs. 1) He must be reading the novel now. 2) You mustnt smoke here. 3) It cant be true. 4) He cant have been at home last night, for the light wasnt on. 5) You must hand in your homework today. 6) It is all wet on the ground. It must have rained last. 归纳归纳 5: must and cant (1)must 可以表示推测。 “must + 动词原形动词原形”表示现在或经常发生的情况作肯定的推测。作此意讲时， must 的否定形式不是 mustnt, 而是 cant/ couldnt ， 如例句 1, 3 。 (2)mustnt 表示 “不允许，禁止” ， 如例句 2 。 (3) must 表示必须， 多处于义务、责任或强制命令, 如例句 5 。must 表示“必须” ，用于一般疑问 句中，肯定回答用 must, 否定回答用 needt 或 dont have to. e.g., -Must we hand in our homework today？ 我们今天必须交作业吗？- Yes, you must. 是的，你们必须。/ No, you neednt / dont have to. 不， 你们不必。 (4) 表示对过去情况的肯定推测用 must have done，如例句 6 。表示对过去情况的否定推测用 cant have done，如例句 4 。Step 3. 巩固练习巩固练习 (1)