TED演讲-一个保存救生疫苗的简单方法NithyaRamanathan(中英文参考学习)32

【主讲人】Nithya RamanathanNexleaf Analytics的首席执行官兼联合创始人，这是一家致力于与各国合作，确保它们获得改善人民健康所需的数据的非营利性科技公司。【演讲主题】A simple solution to maintaining life-saving vaccines冰箱的作用远不止储存食品它们对保存和分发疫苗也至关重要。演讲人介绍了用于存储医疗用品的冰箱中的智能传感器是如何提供关键的实时数据，并确保人们获得他们需要的救生护理的。【中英文稿】There I was, an American woman, up to my knees in muck, wielding these strange metal boxes. I was in rural Bangladesh, deploying sensors that we'd built in order to understand why the ground water was making people sick. And I attracted some attention. But my tech simply measured the problem. The local communities that I'd really come to connect with were expecting a solution. So I raised funds, hired engineers from the city in order to dig a deep well and bypass the arsenic and provide access to clean water. And we celebrated. But as I boarded the plane, I thought, “What if it breaks?” 我在那里，一个美国女人， 烂泥堆到了我的膝盖， 我挥舞着这些奇怪的金属盒子。 我当时在孟加拉国农村， 部署着我们做的传感器， 为了了解为什么地下水导致人们生病。 我当时引人注目。 而我的机器仅仅检测到了问题。 我真正想与之联系的当地社区 在期待一个解决办法。 所以我筹集资金， 雇了城市来的工程师， 这样可以挖一口深井，绕过砷， 提供干净的水。 我们欢庆了新水源。 但在我登机时，我想到， “万一井坏了怎么办？” I'm an engineer. I know that's not if but when. When the well breaks, who will fix it? How will they pay for it? And will they even know there's a problem in the first place? And I soon learned that this is all too often how lifesaving equipment is deployed globally in countries with limited electricity and infrastructure. I kept thinking, I don't want to just build sensors that measure a problem once it's very bad. What if instead we brought together the tech built to measure together with the equipment built to solve? What could we unlock? 我是一个工程师。 我知道那不是一个假设， 而是时间问题。 当井坏了的时候，谁来修它呢？ 当地人如何支付那些费用呢？ 他们会知道井出问题了吗？ 而我很快了解到，这种情况太多了， 救生设备被全球性地部署 在电力和基础设施有限的国家里。 我一直在想，我不想仅仅制造探测仪， 只能在问题很严重的时候 才能检测到的探测仪。 如果我们把检测问题的科技 和解决问题的设备的结合起来呢？ 我们会解锁什么呢？ Take vaccines. Vaccines won't work if they get too hot or, surprisingly, too cold, so distributing vaccines requires refrigerators, big and small, to function reliably. Fridges can save lives, but all too often, like any kitchen appliance, they break. One study in South Asia found that over half of vaccine doses showed evidence of temperature damage by the time of the end of their journey. This means that the children that would have received those vaccines may not have actually been protected. Fridge failure is a big problem, and it can happen anywhere. Here in California, in 2015, Stanford Children's Health discovered a fridge that had been malfunctioning for up to eight months. Staff contacted 1,500 families about revaccinating those children. But what if you can't just get the families on the phone? What if they live a six-hour walk away? What if that first shot is your only shot? 接种疫苗。 如果疫苗太热或者太冷的话， 疫苗不会起作用。 所以分配疫苗需要冰箱， 大大小小的冰箱， 来让疫苗有效地运作。 冰箱可以拯救生命， 但通常像任何一个 厨房电器一样，冰箱会坏。 一个在南亚的研究发现 超过一半的疫苗剂量 有温度损坏的迹象 在它们使用期的最后。 这意味着接种这些疫苗的孩子们 可能没有被真正地保护到位。 冰箱损坏是一个大问题， 它可以在任何地方发生。 在这里，加利福尼亚州， 在2015年，斯坦福 儿童健康研究所发现了一个冰箱 已经失灵八个月了。 工作人员联系了1500个家庭 讨论重新给孩子接种疫苗的问题。 但是，如果你就是在电话里 联系不上这些家庭呢？ 如果他们住的地方需要走六个小时呢？ 如果他们的第一针疫苗 是你仅存的一支疫苗了呢？ The stakes are high, especially now with COVID vaccines. Now, in May 2021, in Tanzania, a failing fridge with our smart sensor prompted an immediate response from the regional immunization officer, and a technician was out to the site and fixed some faulty wiring, and all the vaccines at that site stayed safe. Real-time sensor data made all the difference. We built a simple solution that continuously monitors the temperature and keeps that fridge in Tanzania connected. It sends an immediate text message automatically when the fridge fails, and importantly, the nurses and the technicians are ready and equipped to respond and fix the problem. My team and our partners have scaled this technology to over 15,000 sites across Asia and Africa, protecting the vaccine supply for one in 10 babies born on Earth each year. 风险很高，尤其对于现在的新冠疫苗。 如今，在2021年5月，在坦桑尼亚， 一个装有我们智能传感器的冰箱坏了， 知会区域免疫官员立即做出反映， 派出一名技术人员 到现场修复一些故障线路， 这样现场的所有疫苗是安全的。 实时传感器数据让一切变得不同。 我们做出了一个简单的方案 可以持续地监控温度 并保持与坦桑尼亚冰箱的连接。 当冰箱坏了的时候，传感器 会自动发出即时短信， 而重要的是，护士和技术人员准备就绪 准备好回应并解决问题。 我的团队和我们的合作伙伴 已经将这门技术发展到了 亚洲和非洲的15,000多个地点， 保护疫苗的供应， 供应地球上每年 出生婴儿中的十分之一。 And the same data that's used to actually detect the broken equipment can also be used to reveal the strongest links in the chain. These are the best sites and routes to use in an emergency. My team is working now with countries to reveal these pathways for COVID vaccines, so using sensor data for identifying the best vaccine sites in terms of temperature control. In turn, these sites can then serve as a backbone for all vaccine delivery. Now and in the future. 而用于检测破损设备的同样数据 也可以被用来去反映供应链中 最牢固的环节。 这是在紧急情况下的 最好的地点和路线。 我的团队在和很多国家合作 来揭示新冠疫苗的途径， 所以使用传感器数据可以来确认 温度控制方面的最好疫苗站点。 反过来，这些站点也可以成为 所有疫苗运输的主干。 在当今，也在未来。 So here's what I've learned. Sensor data can change the game by providing a common source of ground truth that enables coordinated action required to maintain lifesaving equipment. Not just vaccine fridges but a