TED演讲-3种练习礼貌的方法StevenPetrow(中英文参考学习)8

演讲者及介绍Steven Petrow记者，作家记者史蒂文·佩罗(Steven Petrow)写的是关于礼貌和礼仪的文章。演讲主题3种练习礼貌的方法翻译者 Sijia Chen 00:13I want to start by telling you two thingsabout myself before I get into the full talk. And the first is that I've beenwriting about manners and civility for more than 20 years, as a book author andas a magazine columnist. The second is, my friends know to be very wary ofinviting me over for dinner because any faux pas that happens at the table islikely to wind up in print. 在我开始正式的演讲之前，我想首先告诉你们关于我的两件事。第一件事是作为书作者和杂志专栏作者，20多年来，我一直在写关于礼仪和文明的文章。第二件事是，我的朋友都知道邀请我共进晚餐要十分小心，因为在餐桌前发生的任何失礼都很有可能被白纸黑字记录下来。00:37(Laughter) （笑声）00:38So, I'm watching, I can see back there andI can see through the portals, too. 所以，我在看，我可以看到后面，也可以看到出入口。00:42(Laughter) （笑声）00:44So, speaking of dinner parties, I want totake you back to 2015 and a dinner party that I went to. To place this in time,this was when Caitlyn Jenner was first coming out, shedding her identity as aKardashian and moving into her life as a transgender activist. I wrote a columnin People magazine at the time, talking about the importance of names and hownames are our identity. And that to misuse them or not to use them erases us ina certain way. And especially with Caitlyn Jenner, I talked about Caitlyn, butalso the use of her pronouns. Her pronouns. 所以，谈到晚宴，我想把你们带回到2015年我去过的一个晚宴。具体时间是，凯特琳·詹娜首次出柜，脱离她作为卡戴珊家族成员的身份，并摇身一变成为了跨性别活动家之时。我当时在人物杂志上写了一篇专栏，谈论名字的重要性，以及为什么名字即我们的身份。还有为什么误用或不用它们会在某种方式上抹去我们自身。尤其是对凯特琳·詹纳来说，我谈到了凯特琳，也谈到了在称呼她时所使用的各种代词。各种代词。01:21So I'm at this dinner - delicious,wonderful, fun - when my host goes on a rant about Caitlyn Jenner. And she issaying that it is disrespectful for Caitlyn Jenner to force her to use a newname and to use these new pronouns. She's not buying it, and I'm listening, andbecause I do meditation, I took my sacred pause before I responded. 当宴会女主人开始大声嚷嚷着抱怨起凯特琳·詹纳时，我正在享用本来可口、美妙、有趣的晚餐。她说凯特琳·詹纳很无礼，因为凯特琳·詹纳强迫她使用一个新名字还有各种新代词。她可不买账。我听着她。因为我练习冥想，所以在回应她前我先做了个神圣的停顿。01:47(Laughter) （笑声） 01:50And I reminded her that when she gotmarried, she changed her name, and that she took the name of her husband. Andthat's the name all of us now use. We don't use it just because it's her legalname, but we use it because it's respectful. Ditto for Miss Jenner. She didn'tbuy it and we didn't speak for years. 我提醒她，当她结婚的时候，她改了她的名字，转而冠以夫姓。而她改名后的名字也正是我们现在称呼她用的名字。我们这样做不仅仅是因为这是她的法定名字，更是因为这样做才是尊重她的。同样的道理自然也适用于詹纳小姐。但她不买账，我们之后几年都不说话。02:09(Laughter) （笑声）02:11So . I am known as the Civilist. And it'sprobably a word that you're not that familiar with. It's not in common parlanceand it comes from the Latin and the French, and it means an individual whotries to live by a moral code, who is striving to be a good citizen. The word"civility" is derived from that, and the original definition ofcivility is citizens willing to give of themselves for the good of the city,for the good of the commonwealth, for the larger good. 总之，我被称为文明主义者。这个词你可能不熟悉。它不属于日常用语。它来自拉丁语和法语。这个词指一个人试图遵守道德准则，努力做一个好公民。“civility”（文明）这个词来源于它。而“civility”（文明）这个词的本意是指：愿意为了城市的利益，为了集体的利益为了更大的利益而奉献自己的公民。02:45So, in this talk, you're going to learnthree new ways to be civil, I hope, and it will be according to the originaldefinition of civility. My first problem is: civility is an obsolete word. Mysecond problem is: civility has become a dirty word in this country. And thatis whether you lean right or whether you lean left. And in part, that's becausemodern usage equates civility with decorum, with formal politeness, formalbehavior. We've gotten away from the idea of citizenship. 那么，在这个演讲中，你将依照“civility”（文明）的本意，学到三个新的讲文明的方式，我期望。我遇到的的第一个问题是：“civility”（文明）是一个过时的词。我遇到的的第二个问题是：“civility”（文明）在这个国家 已经变成了一个肮脏的词。它意味着你是右倾还是左倾。部分原因是由于在现代用法中“civility”（文明）等同于礼仪，表面的礼貌和外在的行为举止，而与“citizenship”（公民义务与权利）切断了联系。03:21So, let me start by talking a little bitabout my friends on the right, who have conflated civility with what they callpolitical correctness. And to them, callouts for civility are really very muchlike what George Orwell wrote in "1984" - he called it"newspeak." And this was an attempt to change the way we talk byforcibly changing the language that we use. To change our ideas by changing themeaning of words. And I think my dinner host might have had some of thatrattling around there. And I first personally understood, though, the right'sproblem with civility when I wrote a column about then-candidate Donald Trump.And he had just said he did not have time for total political correctness, andhe did not believe the country did either. And I took that to heart, it wasvery - The audience was very engaged about that online, as you can imagine.There was a thousand responses, and this one stood out to me because it was representative:"Political correctness is a pathological system that lets liberalsdominate a conversation, label, demonize and shout down the opposition."So I think, to the right, civility translates into censure. 那么，让我先谈谈我的右派朋友们。他们把“civility”（文