蒙大英语国家-英国概况教案

LectureOne The Country and People (I) The focus of teaching: the Country Teaching aim: let the students know the general knowledge of British geography and natural resources. Teaching style: instruction and group discussion.Teaching procedure:A. warming-up exercises B. General introduction to Great Britain and its natural conditions by PowerPoint;C. Discussion on the assignment;D. Assignment on information- gathering A. warming-up exercises a. Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England.b. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. c. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.d. British Islese. Britain f. Great Britain LectureOneThe Country and People (I)The CountryI. The LocationThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated in Western Europe and is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel. It lies between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. To the west of it lies the Atlantic Ocean, across and beyond it is America. It is an insular(海岛的、岛国的） country. It is one of the countries with longest coastline. Its coastline runs 12,429 km. The neighboring countries of Britain include France, Holland, Germany, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Irish Republic, and the Iceland（8 countries). The mainland areas lie between latitudes (纬度）49°N and 59°N (the Shetland Islands reach to nearly 61°N), and longitudes （经度）8°W to 2°E. The Straits of Dover between France and England is quite narrow and it is 33 km across. In 1985 the British government and the French government decided to build a channel tunnel under the Straits of Dover so that England and France could be joined together by road. This channel tunnel was opened to traffic in May 1994 after eight years hard work.II. Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.Englandis divided into nine governmental regions. 1) England England occupies the southern part of Great Britain and is important part of the Kingdom in wealth, size, and population. It has an area of more than 130,000 square kilometers and it takes up nearly 60% of the whole island. The west and southwest is a plateau, with rolling plain, downs and moors. The west coast is deeply indented. They supply many splendid harbors for ships. The south coast is fairly straight, a line of low cliffs backed by rolling down. London is Capital of England and Britain. London is the Capital of BritainAs the UK was greatly influenced by different invaders, it has various styles in building, language and food. In some small towns first built by the Romans, you will find some historical attractions, where you can learn something about British culture. London is the greatest historical treasure of all the cities. There are various museums, art collections, theatres, and buildings there. 2) Scotland Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It retained its own parliament until 1707, when, by the Act of Union, Scotland and the Kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Great Britain. In Scotland there are three natural zones: The Highlands in the north, the central Lowlands and the southern Uplands. Scotland has an area of 78,760 square kilometers, less than30% of the whole island, with a population of more than 5 million , less than one-tenth of the total population. It has a good number of mountains and islands. There are 800 islands which contain Hebrides, Shetland and Orkney islands.Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland. 3) WalesWales is in the west of Great Britain. It has an area of 20,761 square kilometers , less than 9% of the whole island while its population, about 2.7 million, does not exceed 5% of the whole. Most of Wales is mountainous. The hills rise steeply from the sea and rather flat on top. 6% of Wales is covered with forest and much of the country is pastureland for sheep and cattle. Wales united England in 14th century. The capital of Wales is Cardiff.4) Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. It takes up the northern fifth of Ireland. It has an area of 14,147 square kilometers, population of one and a half million, about one-third of them are Roman Catholics. It is made up of six counties that consist of fertile, drumlin drmlin 鼓丘 country surrounding Lough Neagh. Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland.5) IrelandThe other 26 Irish counties obtained autonomy in 1921. Irish , often called Erse :s 爱尔兰, is a form of Gaelic. Ben Nevis(本尼维斯山)is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m). Snowdonia(斯诺多尼亚)is the highest