考研英语（一）第二部分阅读理解（上）

考研英语（一）第二部分阅读理解（上）（江南博哥）材料题根据下面资料，回答1-5题For several weeks the world has watched as India's citizensincluding academics and studentshave taken to the streets. Tens of thousands have been gathering to read out the preamble to the Indian constitution, as a mark of protest against a discriminatory new citizenship law. The law provides a path to citizenship for recent refugees from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan. It is a means to providing permanent sanctuary for religious minorities fleeing hardship or persecution in these countriesan intention that is to be commended. What is troubling is that decisions on who canand cannotapply for citizenship will be made on the basis of religious belief.Tragically, some of the peaceful protests are being met with violence, and university campuses are not immune. The latest high-profile incident took place at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, where students have also been protesting over an increase in accommodation fees. On the evening of 5 January, people wearing masks and carrying iron rods, stones and wooden clubs entered the campus and launched an attack. However, the city's police failed to provide protection. In mid-December, police entered two of India's older universities and students were beaten, property was damaged and tear gas used. Both institutions had to close temporarily, disrupting teaching and research. Jamia Millia's vice-chancellor said that it is not acceptable for police to harm innocent students.The severity of the police action has rightly prompted a chorus of international concern.Among those speaking up are the Nobel prize winners Abhijit Banerjee, an economist and JNU alumnus now at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, who is also critical of the new law.Many of the government's supporters are upset that university students, academics and scientists are also opposing the new law. But they must know that freedom of expression is core to a university's mission；that the ability of citizens to protest peacefully against government policies is a right, not a privilege. Without it, no opposition would be able to present its case to the publicas members of the current government and its supporters did in the years they were out of power.Academics in India are right to be alarmed and to speak up, because force has been used on university campuses, causing fear. India's authorities must take the necessary steps to protect their nation's universities and their people's freedom of speech. They must heed the words of the prime minister's principal scientific adviser, Krishnaswamy VijayRaghavan, who said unequivocally："Campuses are places for learning, discussion and research. There is no place at all for violence."1 单选题 According to the first paragraph, what is the function of India's New Citizenship Law?A.To provide a way for refugees to earn citizenshipB.To provide sanctuary for religious majoritiesC.To confirm the preamble to the Indian constitutionD.To decide religious belief of the applicants正确答案：A参考解析：It is a means to providing permanent sanctuary for religious minorities fleeing hardship or persecution in these countriesan intention that is to be commended.   为逃离这些国家的苦难者或受迫害的宗教少数群体提供永久避难所的一种手段，A符合题意。2 单选题 University campuses are not immune to violence because_A.students are involved in peaceful protestsB.the property of universities has been damagedC.international communities are showing concernsD.the police has failed to provide protection正确答案：D参考解析：On the evening of 5 January, people wearing masks and carrying iron rods, stones and wooden clubs entered the campus and launched an attack. However, the city's police failed to provide protection. 第二段描述了学生的和平抗议及遭到的暴力对待：尼赫鲁大学学生抗议住宿费的上涨，1月5日人们进入校园发动袭击；12月中旬警方进入印度两所大学，殴打学生，破坏学校财产，甚至使用催泪瓦斯。所以校园不能免于遭受暴力的原因是警方未能提供保护反而暴力镇压抗议活动。D正确。3 单选题 Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 4?A.Some scientists are uneasy about opposing the new lawB.The opposition has no way to convey his ideas to the publicC.It is necessary to guarantee people's freedom of expressionD.It is a privilege of citizens to protest against government policies正确答案：C参考解析：But they must know that freedom of expression is core to a university's mission；that the ability of citizens to protest peacefully against government policies is a right, not a privilege. Without it, no opposition would be able to present its case to the publicas members of the current government and its supporters did in the years they were out of power.   第四段指出没有言论自由是大学的核心使命，没有言论自由任何反对党就无法向公众表达自己的立场，现在的政府成员当初也经历过没有言论自由的时刻，所以他们知道言论自由的重要性。C正确。4 单选题 What can we infer from the words of Krishnaswamy?A.He was against the actions of Indian scholarsB.He supported the implementation of the new lawC.He found campuses are places for violenceD.He advocated the protection of universities正确答案：D参考解析：They must heed the words of the prime minister's principal scie