2020年全国硕士研究生考试英语（二）真题（含解析）

绝密启用前2020 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）（科目代码：204）考生注意事项1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂。5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名2020年全国硕士研究生考试英语（二）真题第 1 页，共 79 页Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or Don the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very 1 particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, 2 a younger sibling. _3_, theres another sort of parent thats a bit easier to 4 : a patient parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, _5_ every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy _6_. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a _7_ and composed style with their kids. I understand this. Youre only human, and sometimes your kids can _8_ you just a little too far. And then the _9_ happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too 10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could 11 the clock and start over. Weve all been there. 12 , even though its common, its important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may 13 for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also 14 your childs self-esteem. If you consistently lose your 15 with your kids, then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the 16 of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when 17 by stress is one of the most important of all lifes skills. Certainly, its incredibly 18 to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with 19 situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally. 2020年全国硕士研究生考试英语（二）真题第 2 页，共 79 页1. A tedious 2. A in addition 3. A Fortunately 4. A amuse 5. A while 6. A answer 7. A tolerant 8. A move 9. A mysterious 10. A boring 11. A tum back 12. A Overall 13. A like 14. A raise 15. A time 16. A nature 17. A cheated 18. A terrible 19. A trying 20. A hide PartA Directions: B pleasant C instructive D tricky B for example C at once D by accident B Occasionally C Accordingly D Eventually B assist C describe D train B because C unless D once B task C choice D access B formal C rigid D critical B drag C push D send B illogical C suspicious D inevitable B naive C harsh D vague B take apart C set aside D cover up B Instead C However D Otherwise B miss C believe D regret B affect C justify D reflect B bond C race D cool B secret C importance D context B defeated C confused D confronted B hard C strange D wrong B changing C exciting D surprising B emerge C withdraw D escape Section II Reading Comprehension Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) 2020年全国硕士研究生考试英语（二）真题第 3 页，共 79 页Text 1 Rats and other animals need to be highly attuned to social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Laleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats. They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial-for four days. The robot rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around and colourful markings. During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened cage doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side. Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever. Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 per cent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being, says Quinn. The rats may have bonded more with the social robot because it displ