2008年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题（原卷）
绝密启用前2008 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（科 目 代码： 201 ) 女考生注意事项女-1. 答题前， 考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名 ； 在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、 考生姓名和考生编号， 并涂写考生编号信息点。2. 考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下， 粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中 。 不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的， 责任由考生 自 负 。3. 选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上， 非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内 。 超出答题区域书写的答案无效； 在草稿纸、 试题册上答题无效。4. 填 （书） 写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写， 字迹工整、 笔迹清楚； 涂写部分必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂。5. 考试结束， 将答题卡和试题册按规定交回 。（ 以下信息考生必须认真填写）二：I 1 111 1 11111 1 1 1 1 I 2008年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题第 1 页，共 15 页Section IUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and markA, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one ofthose hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1to say itanyway. Heis that2bird, ascientist who works independently3anyinstitution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not4thought to havea bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it wasfirstsuggested.5he, however, might tremble at the6of what he is about to do. Togetherwith another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only7that onegroup of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that hasbrought this about. The group in8are a particular peopleoriginatedfromcentral Europe. The processis naturalselection.This group generally do well in IQ test,912-15 points above the10valueof 100, and have contributed11to the intellectual and cultural life of theWest , as the12of their elites , including several world - renownedscientists,13. They also suffer more often than most people from a number ofnasty geneticdiseases,suchasbreastcancer.Thesefacts,14,havepreviously been thought unrelated. The former has been15to social effects,such as a strong tradition of 16education. The latter was seen as a (an)17ofgenetic isolation. Dr.Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases areintimately18.His argument is that the unusual history ofthese peoplehas19themtouniqueevolutionarypressuresthathaveresultedinthis 20state of affairs.2008年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题第 2 页，共 15 页1.A selected B prepared C obliged D pleased 2.A unique B particular C special D rare 3.A of B with C in D against 4.A subsequently B presently C previously D lately 5.A Only B So C Even D Hence 6.A thought B sight C cost D risk 7 . A advises B suggests C protests D objects 8.A progress B fact C need D question 9. A attaining B scoring C reaching D calculating 10.A normal B common C mean D total 11. A unconsciously B disproportionately C indefinitely D unaccountably 12.A missions B fortunes C interests D careers 13.A affi而B witness C observe D approve 14.A moreover B therefore C however D meanwhile 15.A given up B got over C carried on D put down 16.A assessing B supervising Cadministering D valuing 17. A development B origin C consequence D instrument 18.A linked B integrated C woven D combined 19.A limited B subjected C converted D directed 20.A paradoxical B incompatible C inevitable D continuous Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points) 2008年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题第 3 页，共 15 页Text 1While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear tobe way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Womenare particularlysusceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stresscompared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New YorksVeterans Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehowaffect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the triggerchemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, whenstressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed,their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a womans increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased“opportunities” for stress. “Its not necessarily that women dont cope as well. Itsjust that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity fortolerating stress may even be greater than mens,” she observes, “its just that theyredealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly andsooner.”Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds ofthings that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature.Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts ofrandom physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women areexposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents orotherfamily members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tearthatcomes from these longer relationships can be quitedevastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determ
