大学生基本心理需要与“空心病”的相关研究
目录1. 前言82.研究方法112.1被试112.2研究工具112.2.1基本心理需要满足量表112.2.2空心病现象调查问卷112.3研究程序122.4数据分析123.研究结果123.1预分析123.2大学生基本心理需要与“空心病”的群体特征133.3各主变量间的相关分析143.4“空心病”在不同人口统计变量上的差异性分析153.4.1“空心病”在是否独生子女在上的差异性分析153.4.2“空心病”在不同年级上的差异性分析153.4.3“空心病”在学习成绩上的差异性分析153.4.4“空心病”在家庭教养方式上的差异分析154. 讨论194.1基本心理需要及其三个子量表与“空心病表现及其各维度”的相关性分析194.2自杀纬度在是否独生子女人和年级人口学变量上的差异性探讨204.3“空心病”在学习成绩人口学变量的差异性探讨204.4“空心病”在教养方式人口学变量的差异性探讨214.5不足与展望214.6总结22参考文献23附录：25大学生基本心理需要与“空心病”现象调查问卷25致谢29大学生基本心理需要与“空心病”的相关研究摘要:本研究旨在探索大学生群体的基本心理需要的满足与“空心病”的潜在关系。本研究广东在校大学生为目标群体，共335名被试，采用基本心理需要满足量表和空心病现象调查问卷收集相关信息。研究涉及描述统计，皮尔逊相关分析和简单回归分析的等统计方法。研究结果表示：（1）基本心理需要及其三个子量表皆与“空心病”总分显著正相关；（2）基本心理需要总分与“空心病”的四个字量表（人生意义，抑郁，人际，自我评价）呈显著正相关关系，然而与其孤独子量表呈负相关关系，与其自杀子量表无相关关系；（3）自杀纬度在是否独生子女上存在显著差异而“空心病”现象以及人生意义、孤独、抑郁、人际和自我评价维度在是否独生子女上不存在显著差异。（4）“空心病”的自杀维度存在显著年级差异。而“空心病”现象与人生意义维度、孤独维度、抑郁维度、人际维度、自我评价维度不存在年级显著差异。（5）“空心病”表现、人生意义维度、自我评价维度在学习成绩上存在显著差异。而孤独维度、抑郁维度、自杀维度与人际维度在学习成绩上不存在显著差异。（6）“空心病”表现以及人生意义维度、人际维度和自我评价维度在家庭教养方式方式上存在显著差异。而孤独维度、抑郁维度与自杀维度在家庭教养方式方式上不存在显著差异。并根据研究结果得出如下结论，“空心病”现象在大学生群体的出现，需要通过学校、家庭与学生个人的合作，提高大学生基本心理需要及其包含的自主需要、胜任需要、关系需要，以提高大学生“空心病”表现的积极程度但“空心病”的原因是复杂多样的，要想建立完善的“空心病”干预机制，还需做更深入更系统的研究。关键词：基本心理需要；“空心病”；自主需要；胜任需要；关系需要Research on the basic psychological needs of college students and the "hollow disease"Abstract:The purpose of this study is to explore the potential relationship between the satisfaction of college students basic psychological needs and the "hollow disease". In this study, the target group of college students in Guangdong province was 335 subjects. The basic psychological need satisfaction scale revised by Yu chengfu et al. (2012) and the hollow disease phenomenon questionnaire prepared by Jin yuxi (2019) were used to collect relevant information. The research involves descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and simple regression analysis. The results show that :(1) there is a significant positive correlation between the total score of "hollow disease" and the three subscales of basic psychological needs. (2) there was a significant positive correlation between the total score of basic psychological needs and the four-word scale (life meaning, depression, interpersonal relationship, and self-evaluation) of "hollow disease", while there was a negative correlation between the total score of basic psychological needs and the four-word scale (life meaning, depression, interpersonal relationship, and self-evaluation) of "hollow disease". (3) the latitude of suicide is significantly different in demographic variables of only child, while the phenomenon of "hollow disease" and the dimensions of life meaning, loneliness, depression, interpersonal relationship and self-evaluation are not significantly different in demographic variables of only child. (4) there are significant differences in the grade demography variables of suicide dimension of "hollow disease". However, there is no significant difference between the phenomenon of "hollow disease" and life meaning dimension, loneliness dimension, depression dimension, interpersonal dimension and self-evaluation dimension in grade demographic variables. (5) there are significant differences in the performance, life meaning and self-evaluation of "hollow disease" in the demographic variables of academic performance. However, there was no significant difference between the dimensions of loneliness, depression, suicide and interpersonal in the demographic variables of academic performance. (6) "hollow disease" performance and people.The conclusion of this study is that the higher the degree of satisfaction of the basic psychological needs including the needs of autonomy, competence and relationship, the more positive the performance of college students "hollow disease" is, and vice versa. According to the results of the study conclude that the emergence of the "hollow" phenomenon in college students groups, need through the cooperation of the individual, school, family and students improve the basic psychological needs and contain the independent college students, the need, relationship needs, in order to improve college students "hollow disease degree of positive performance" but "hollow disease" is complicated, to establish perfect "hollow" disease intervention mechanism, still need to do a deeper, more study of the system.Keyword：basic psychological needs ;"hollow disease"Need for autonomy; Competency needs;Relations requires1. 前言“空心病”又称价值观缺陷所致的心理障碍，与早些年的出现过的“无聊神经症”1、“存在神经症”2存在相似之处，是近几年来国内部分大学生学生正遭遇、经历并承受的一种因理想信念、价值取向的偏差或者缺失而导致的心理健康问题。其主要表现有（1）精神抑郁（2）无意义感和孤独感（3）通常表现很优秀（4）生物治疗不敏感、无效（5）自杀意念（6）时间漫长等特点3。“空心病”一词最早由北京大学心理健康教育与咨询中心副主任、总督导徐凯文博士在其演讲时代空心病与焦虑经济学中提出4。徐凯文在演讲中提到差不多30%的大学生有厌学情绪、40%的学生认为活着没意义，还有比较极端的就是自我放弃5。“空心病”就是在这物质极其丰富，物质世界挤压着精神世界，生存的意义被悬置的社会背景下产生的，人们对物质感到厌倦却又无法在精神世界得到满足，最终落入生存虚无化的漩涡之中6刘科迪（2019）等人认为“空心病”的提出虽引起了各高校、国家和社会的强烈关注与重视，但就目前的研究而言，空心病仅以北
