1998 考研英语(一)真题

Section I Use of EnglishDirections:passage, there arechoices marked A, B, C, andD. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening theUntil recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 1 that inthe2man. But they17to 18were widespread poverty and miseryyears1650 to 1750, when England was still aprosperity.This view,_7two things: that the period 1650 to 17was by great poverty, and that industrialization6agricultural country, a period of great abundance andis generally thought to be wrong. Specialists_8_historyand economics,DJ predictedBJ WithSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:answersand choose the best answer to each of thequestions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter 1998 英语(一)Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it ishumankinds long suering at the mercy of ood and drought that makes the idea ofthe watersto do our bidding soprojects threaten to do more harm than good.The lesson dams is that big is not alwaysdam has become a of achievementBut to beis also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant damIt doesnt help that building a big,nations and people striving to assertthemselves.Firstleadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkeys bidstatus includes the giant Ataturk Dam.But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam,example, stopped the Nilea giant reservoir ofooding but depriveddisease which is now soof thesilt that oods- all inof silt that it barely generates electricity.And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe,Slovaks and Hungarians stopped j ust short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam onthe Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia isbiddingindependencethe Czechs, and now needs a dam to proveMeanwhile, in India, theBank has given the go-ahead to the even more wrong-headedNarmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardshipthe powerless and environmental destruction. The benets areguaranteed.thebut they areProper, scientic study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benets of controlling watercan help to resolve these conicts. power and ood control and irrigation are possiblewithout building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, orscientic. It is time that the worldthe lessons ofAswan.dont need a dam to be saved.第 213页 1998 英语(一)11. The third sentence ofParagraph 1 implies that _A people would be happy if they shut their eyes to realityB the blind could be happier than the sightedC over-excited people tend to neglect vital thingsDmakes people lose their eyesight12. In Paragraph 5, "the powerless" probablyA areas short ofelectricityto _B dams without power stationsC poor countries around IndiaDpeople in the Narmada Dam area13. What is the mythA They bring in moregiant dams?soil.B They helpthe country.C They strengthenD They have universal control of the waters.14. What the author tries to suggest may best be interpreted as _A "Its no use crying over spilt milk"B "More haste, less speed"C "Lookyou leap"D "He who laughs last laughs best"第 313页 1998 英语(一)no gain without pain, they say. But what about pain without gain? Everywhere you go inAmerica, you hear tales ofrevival. What is harder to establish is whether the productivityrevolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is real.The ocial statistics are mildly discouraging. They show that, if you lumpandservices together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. That is somewhatthanthe average during the previous decade. And since 1991, productivity has increased by about 2% a year,which is more than twice the 1978-87 average. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is dueto the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of arevival in the underlying trend. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a "disjunction"between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reected bythe statistics.Some of this can be easily explained. New ways of organizing the workplace - all thatre-engineering and downsizing - are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy,which isby many othersuch as joint investment in equipment and machinery, newtechnology, and investment in education and training. Moreover, most of the changes that companiesmake are intended to ke