《汤姆_索亚历险记》中顽童的成长与转变

汤姆_索亚历险记中顽童的成长与转变 Contents Chinese Abstract 2 English Abstract 3 1. Introduction 4 1.1 Background Information 4 1.2 Literature Review 5 2. Growth and Transformation of Typical Naughty Boy Tom Sawyer 7 2.1 The Development of Personality 7 2.2 The Change of Emotional Attitude 9 2.3 The Pursuit of Ideal 10 3. The Causes of the Growth and Transformation on Naughty Child 11 3.1 The Experience of Adventures 11 3.2 The Formation of Responsibility 12 3.3 The Growth of Self-consciousness 13 4. Conclusion 14 References 16 汤姆索亚历险记中 顽童的成长与转变 摘 要 汤姆索亚历险记作为19世纪最具影响力的作品之一，在读者心中占据着重要的文学作品地位。马克吐温用部分童年的记忆和小说特有的写作技巧来呈现顽童汤姆的形象。通过一系列的冒险经历，汤姆索亚从最初的顽皮捣蛋到最后的勇敢。少年的自我意识在逐渐成熟。顽童最终实现身心灵的成长变化，更加顽强，善良地返回到现实生活中去。 为了更深入了解顽童形象成长的成因，论文首先以主人公汤姆为例，分析他身处不同环境中的举止言行。通过个性发展，情感态度转变以及人生理想追求三个角度，逐步发现顽童的变化。其次论文就环境因素展开探讨，分析顽童成长成熟的原因。顽童在特定的环境下能够逐渐转变，通过对客观世界的适应，能够逐步调整心态。同时，自我意识的苏醒使得顽童最终确定了成长转变的步伐。 研究顽童成长的问题有助于我们了解顽童形象的内涵。发现顽童的特别之处，鼓励他们了解自己。本文在站在儿童本位的角度来探究顽童成长和转变，具有一定的创新意义。 关键字：顽童；成长转变 The Growth and Transformation of Naughty Boys in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Abstract As one of the most influential works in the 19th century, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer occupies an important literary position in readers minds. Mark Twain uses some childhood memories and novel-specific writing skills to present the image of naughty Tom. Through a series of adventures, Tom Sawyer grows from naughty to the final brave. The self-consciousness of teenagers is gradually maturing. The naughty boy eventually realizes the growth and change of the body and mind, and returns to real life kindly and tenaciously. To further understand the causes of the growth of the image of naughty children, the paper first takes the protagonist Tom as an example to analyze his behaviors in different environments. Through the three aspects of the development of personality, emotional attitude change and the pursuit of life ideal, it can be gradually found the change of naughty boys. Besides, the paper discusses the environmental factors and analyzes the reasons for the growth and maturity of urchins. Naughty boys can gradually change under certain circumstances and adjust their mentality by adapting to the objective world. At the same time, the awakening of self-consciousness makes the urchins finally determine the step of growth and transformation. Studying the problem of the growth of naughty children helps us to discover the connotation of the image of naughty children and find the peculiarities of naughty children to encourage them to understand themselves. The paper explores the growth and transformation of naughty children from a child-oriented perspective, which has a certain innovative significance. Keywords: naughty children; growth; transformation 1. Introduction 1.1 Background Information The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is the representative works of Mark Twain in the late 19th century. Tom is a typical image of an American boy, pursuing freedom and taking risks. The protagonist is created by Mark Twain to subvert the perception of people in childrens literature at that time. The naughty boy is not only humorous in words, but also rebellious in behaviors. For example, he despises one who is called “good child” by adults. In all sorts of his mischief and adventures, the only purpose is to be recognized as a hero. Most people have the stereotype on naughty children. Even they are often not accepted by traditional educators or misunderstood by society. Therefore, the creation and appreciation of naughty children are neglected to some extent, lacking relevant theoretical researches. Mark Twain creates The Adventures of Tom Sawyer against the background in the great monopoly of American capitalist economy, which is of profound historical significance. He condenses his childhood experience into the novel and injects his own thoughts, combining microcosm of the times. It breaks away from the vulgar style of childrens memories and is full of the vitality. From contrast and hyperbole, the novel satirizes the vulgarity and conservatism of the citizens and the hypocrisy of bourgeoisie. From the adventures of the protagonist, the author criticizes the social customs, hypocritical religious ceremonies and the stereotyped school education in the United States, describing the free and lively minds of children in a cheerful tone. 1.1.1 Purpose and Significance Naughty boy is the most typical character in childrens literature. The naughty child is a child who loves and yearns for freedom. Naughty refers to children playing in the game and showing their innate desire for freedom and unrestrained natural instincts. It reflects the impulse of childrens life and is the release form of childrens psychological and physical energy. The opposite of the urchin is the clever obedient children, they are quiet and gentle. Therefore, urchins are traditionally regarded as naughty and undisciplined children. In fact, naughty children are neither the problem nor the bad