高三英语定语从句讲解PPT课件

高考英语定语从句讲解课件,1.1983 The doctor _ is leaving for Africa next month. the nurse is talking to him whom the nurse is talking C. the nurs is talking to D. Who the nurse is talking 2. 1985 He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 3. 1992 In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. That B. who C. from whom D. to whom,一. 介词加关系代词,注意1. 含介词的引导词，其介词可放在引导词whom, which前或在从句原来的位置上。介词不提前， 其在从句中作宾语的引导词who, whom, that, which可省。,但含有介词的短语动词一般不能拆开，如 look after, be made of, take part in, look forward to等。 例：The babies (who/whom) the nurses look after look strong and happy.,2. where = at/in/to + which when = at/in/on/during + which why = for which 例：This is the school where/at which I used to teach. They stood at the window, from where they could see what was happening in the street.,whose book = the book of which = of which the book,二. 在下列情况下只用that，不用which 先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, the one等不定代词时 There is nothing ( that ) I can do. I mean the one that was brought yesterday. 先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. You may take home any of these books that you like. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the first composition (that)he has written in English. This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.,先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是), the same, the last修饰时 The white flower is the only one ( that) I really like. This is the very book (that) I want to find. The last place( that) we visited was the hospital. This is the same watch that I lost yesterday. 当先行词有两个或两个以上时,既有人又有物,定语 从句用that 引导 (that既可指人也可指物) He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.,that 不能引导非限制性定语从句,that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用 which,指人用whom）,关系代词作定语从句中系动词的表语时,或先行在主句中作表语What great changes! It is not the city (that) it was ten years ago.,2. most of + which/whom引导的定语从句属非限定性 定语从句，从句前应有逗号与主句分开，除most外， 还有many, some, any, all, none, several, few, both, half, the majority, a number, the youngest, three(数词) in front of, in the middle of, at the back of, at the bottom of, on the top of, at the foot of + which等。 例：He works in a middle school, in front of which there is a river.,1. 无关系代词 that ,只有which who whom,三在非限制性定语从句中,. 在非限制性定语从句中的as, which,1). the sameas, suchas, soas, asas 等 结构中,只用as This is not such a book as I expected. I live in the same building as he (lives in). Here is so big a stone as no man can lift. As many children as came here were my fathers pupils.,2). as 的这种用法通常出现在一些固定短语之中如： 1as has been said before 如上所述 2as may be imagined 正如可以想象出来的那样 3as is well known 众所周知 4as was expected 正如预料的那样 5as has been already pointed out 正如已经指出的那样 6as we all can see 正如我们都会看到的那样,3). as 替代一句话即可放句首也可放句末， 而which只能放句末。,The man died last night, which is a lie.,四.定语从句中的主谓一致 定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。 例如： 1.Here are such sentences as are often used by the students.( as指代sentences,谓语动词用are)。 2.I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.( who指代I, 谓语用am.)。 3.He was one of the students who were praised for it. ( who指代the students) 他是被表扬的学生之一。 4.He was the only one of the students who was praised for it. ( who 指the only one) 他是唯一被表扬的学生。,五. 易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句 1.定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系“的”。 而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句 同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词， 如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。that在定语从句中 作成分，可用which 或who/whom代替；而that在同位 语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用。试比较： We all have heard the news that our team won. (同位语从句，that从句表示news的内容，that 在从句 中不作任何成分) We dont believe the news that/which he told us yesterday. (定语从句，that 作told 的宾语),2. 定语从句与状语从句。 试比较： He left the key where he had been an hour before. (where引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where) He left the place where he lived for many years. (where 引导定语从句，修饰the place) He is such a good teacher as all of us love and respect. (as 引导定语从句) He is such a good teacher that we all like him. (that引导结果状语从句,suchthat “如此以致”),3定语从句与主语从句。 试比较： As is known to us all, paper was first made in China. (as 引导定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首) It is known to us all that paper was first made in China. (it 做形式主语，代替that 引导的主语从句) 4定语从句与强调结构。试比较： It is the house where I met the young man. (where 引导定语从句，修饰house，where在定语 从句中作地点状语) It was in the house that I met the young man. (本句为强调结构，可还原为 I met the young man in the house.),1. It is the young man _ looked for _ caught the murderer. A. that who B. that they C . they that D theywhich,2.Is this factory _ we visited last year? A. where B in which C the one D at which,3. The book, the cover _ is broken, is not mine. A. of it B for C whose D of which,4. This is Mr Smith, _ I think has something interesting to tell you. A . who B whom C. that D. x,5. Who _ has seen the TV film doesnt admire it? A . that B who C which D as 分析：先行词是who，到是指人，可为了避免重复， 不用who，而用能指代 人的that。答案是A。,7. This is the last time _ I shall give you a lesson. A. when B that C w