英语常见近义词汇总

英语常见近义词汇总1.happen , take place二者都有“发生”的意思。happen指事情的发生，往往带有"偶然"的意思。It happens that I am free today. 恰好今天我没有事。take place指事先安排或策划好而后发生，没有"偶然"的意思。2. must, have tomust表示说话人的主观看法;而have to则表示客观需要。mustn t意为“不可以;不允许”;don t have to意为“不必”。如：(1)My father had to work when he was ten years old。(2)The play is not interesting. I really must go now。3. arrive , reach , get to三者都有“到达”之意。reach为及物动词。They reached Tianjin yesterday.昨天他们到达天津。arrive为不及物动词，后面接介词in或at。get to常用于口语，可代替前二者。4.because , because of二者均表示“因为”because是连词，引导状语从句。We stayed at home because it rained. 因为下雨，我们呆在家。because of是短语介词，后面接名词性词语。We stayed at home because of the rain . 因为下雨，我们呆在家。5. in front of, in the front ofin front of意思是"在前面"，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括;其反义词是behind(在的后面)。如：He walked in fount of me。他走在我的前面。There are some flowers in fount of the house。房子前面有些花卉。in the front of 意思是"在某一空间内的前部"，即甲物在乙物的范围之内;其反义词是at the back of(在范围内的后部)。如：There is a big desk and a blackboard in the fount of our classroom。我们的教室前边有一张大桌子和一块黑板。Our teacher stands in the fount of the classroom。我们的老师站在教室前6. look , see , watch三者都有“看”的意思。look是看的过程。I looked , but saw nothing . 我看了，但什么也没看见。see是看的结果。see a film看电影see a play看戏(话剧)watch是看移动的事物或定晴地看。watch a football match看足球比赛。watch TV看电视7. sometime; sometimes; some time; some timessometime是副词，可与过去时或将来时连用，表示"(在过去)某个时候"或"(在将来)某个时候"。如：I saw him sometime in May。some time多数情况下作名词短语，意为"一些时间;一些时候"它还可以作副词词组，用来表示一个未肯定的时刻，此时它可与sometime互换。如：I ll be away for some time。sometimes是一个表示时间频率的副词，意为"有时候"。如：Sometimes I help my mother with the housework。some times是"几次、几倍"之意。如：They have been there several times。8. how long, how often, how far, how soonhow long意为"多久、多长时间"，主要是对一段时间进行提问，答语通常是(for)three days/weeks/months等时间段，它可用于各种时态。How long do you stay in Beijing every year? 每年你在北京住多久?how often意为"多久次、是否经常"，用来提问在某一特定的时间进行某个动作的次数，答语通常是always，usually，often，sometimes，once/twice a day/month等。How often do you get to school very early? 你多久早到校一次?how far意为"多远"，对距离提问时用。How far is that? 那有多远?how soon意为"还要多久"，是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问，常用在一般将来时态的句子中，其答语通常是"in + 一段时间"。-How soon can you finish the work? 还要多久你能完成这项工作?-In half an hour. 半小时后。9. agree with，agree to，agree on两者都有“同意”、“赞成”的意思。agree with 后面常接表示人或意见(看法)的名词作宾语。agree with 还有“适合”、“符合”的含义。如：The climate here doesn t agree with him。他不适合这里的气候。agree to 后面一般接表示提议、办法、计划之类的名词作宾语。agree on就达成一致的意见。10. across , cross, crossing, through, past1)cross 意为“横过， 穿过”为动词，相当于walk(go，run)acrossLook both ways before you cross the road。(2)across意为“横过，穿过”为介词，不作动词，不能作谓语，常放在动词之后，如：go acrossHe walked across the field。(3)through 是介词，含有“从中间穿越”之意，表示四周含有物体的穿越。The ball went through the window。(4)past既可作形容词也可作副词，做副词时有：“穿过，越过”之意。Will you be going past my house on your way home?(5)crossing意为“渡口，人行横道，(铁路与公路的)交叉点。All the cars should stop before the zebra crossing。11.on，in，with(1)on：表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒，乘坐交通工具等;I don t want to talk about it on the phone。(2)in：使用语言文字等媒介;Can you speak it in English?(3)with：借助具体的手段或工具。Don t write it with a red pen。12.at,on,inat, on, in三者都可以表示"在的时候"。(1)at：表示在哪个时刻用;表示时间点。I get up at six o clock in the morning . 我早晨六点起床。(2)On：表示在哪一天，哪一天的早上(下午、晚上);on Wednesday , on Sunday morning , on May I , on a cold morning in 1936(3)in：表示在哪一年(季、月)，在上午，下午等。in September , in the morning , in the afternoon13.few, a few; little , a little虽然都表示“少”，但few, a few是可数的， little, a little是不可数的。a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味。(1) They have a little ink, don t they? 他们有一点墨水，是吗?(2)They have little ink, do they? 他们几乎没有墨水，是吗?(3)She has a few Chinese friends, doesn t she? 他有几位中国朋友，是吗?(4)She has few Chinese friends, does she?他几乎没有几位中国朋友，是吗?(5)She has a little dog。她有一只小狗。14.not until, untilnot until 直到才 (主句动词是短暂性动词)(1)He didn t go to bed until his mother came back。until 一直到 (主句中使用延续性动词)(2)I study hard until it is midnight every day。15. spend, pay, cost, take(1)Sb. Spend on sth. 某人花了(时间、金钱)在某事上。I spend ten yuan on the book。(2)spend (in) doing sth. 某人花了(时间、金钱)做某事。She spent two hours in drawing the house。(3)Sb. pay for sth. 某人为某物花了钱。I paid 50 yuan for the clothes。(4)Sth. cost sb. 某物花了某人钱。It cost us five dollars。(5)It takes/took sb. to do sth. 花了某人(时间、金钱)做某事。It takes us ten minutes to brush my teeth every day。16.too much, too many, much tootoo much + 不可数名词 too many + 可数名词 much too + 形容词、副词(1)There is too much milk in the basket。(2) She ate too many biscuits yesterday morning。(3) He runs much too quickly。(4) The chair is much too expensive。17.after , in(1)After+时间段 表达过去一段时间以后，常用于过去时态的句子;I received the letter after two days . 我是两天以后收到这封信的。(2)After+时间点 表示将来一段时间以后，用于将来时态的句子。He will arrive after four o clock 。(3)in+时间段 以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。You will receive the letter in three days . 你三天以后将收到这封信。18.ago , before(1)ago立足于现在，表示从现在起，若干时间之前;ago 通常与一般过去时连用，不能