高三英语一轮复习定语从句学案

语法学案 高三英语备课组He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 想不犯错误，就一事无成。 1高考定语从句复习学案一）概念：在复合句中，修饰某一_或_的从句，叫定语从句1. _词：定语从句所修饰的词2. 引导词：(1) 关系_词: who, whom, whose, which, that, as(2) 关系_词: where, when, why3. 关系词常有 3 个作用：引导定语从句 代替先行词。 在定语从句中担当一个_。4. 关系代词作主语、宾语、表语或定语（whose），作_ 时可省略；关系副词作状语，一般不省略二）定语从句的种类 定语从句可分为两类：_定语从句和_定语从句限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用_引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。把下列句子翻译成中文：His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. _China is a country which has a long history. _三）定语从句的热门考点 1. 定语从句关系词的选用（详见表格）；2. 只能 that 或 which 的情况；3. which 和 as 的区别； 4. whose 用法及转换形式；5. 介词+关系代词中介词的选用及位置( 介词短语和动词短语) ；6. 定语从句中的特殊情况。四）关系代词和关系副词的作用正确选择关系词是掌握定语从句的关键。关系词的选择完全取决于关系词在定语从句中所充当的句子成分。关系词一共有 9 个, 它们在从句中所充当的句子成分见下表。关系词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 说明that 人/物 人/物 × 不能用于非限制性从句which 物 物 × which 作宾语很少见who 人 × × who 可代替 whom 作宾语whom × 人 × × ×whose × × × 人/物 ×when × × × × where × × × × why × × × × as 主要用于非限制性的定语从句和 suchas, the same.as., so.as.结构中考点一：如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词（提示: 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词 关键要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定）用关系词填空语法学案 高三英语备课组He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 想不犯错误，就一事无成。 21) Those _ break the rules should be punished. 2) (1992 全国，27) In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to _ she could turn for help.3) Gone are the days _ we used foreign oil.4) The reason _ he was absent was that he was ill. 5) This is the reason _ he gave for his absence.6) （03 北京春季）We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.7) (2009 安徽) 30. Many children，_ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.8) Next Sunday, _ I will spend go fishing, Im sure, will be another exciting day. 9) （05 上海）If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.10) （2006 福建）22. Look out! Dont get too close to the house _roof is under repair.练习：1. Is this the museum _ we held the exhibition?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one2. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one3.（2010 天津）8. Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers _ I go. Its only 15. A. as B. which C. where D. that4.（2010 湖南） 28. I've become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which5.（2006 山东）26. Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down togetherand talk. A. where B. that C. when D. which6.（2006 江西）33. Do you have anything to say for yourselves?Yes, there's one point_ we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. /7. Youve told me such an attractive place _ I am more than willing to go. A. as B. where C. that D. in which8. (2012 重庆卷) 29. Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as salesA. which B. that C. when D. where考点二: 关系代词 which 和 that 的区别在定语从句中, 当先行词指物时, 下列情况的关系词宜用 that 而不用 which:1) 先行词被 形容词最高级；序数词；the only, the very, the right 修饰时。This is the best film that I have seen. / This is the very person that Im waiting for. 2) 先行词是不定代词 all, little, few, much, something, everything, nothing, anything, none, the one 时，或者是由 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时All that glitters is not gold. 中文意思： _Im sure theres nothing that a woman cant do. / All that can be done _ been done.3) 先行词中既有人又有物时。Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?4) 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时，用 thatChina is no longer the country that it used to be. = the country _ it used to be.语法学案 高三英语备课组He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 想不犯错误，就一事无成。 35) 当主句中含有疑问词 which 或 who 时, 为避免重复，常用 that 代替 who 或 which。Who that has common sense will do such a thing? / Which is the book that y