2021年高考英语语法专题课件：4冠词（含习题及答案）
冠词,概念：用于名词或“形容词+名词”前帮主说明名词含义的一种虚词,冠词,1.泛指“一个/本/段/张/.”: rent an apartment, for a long time 2.任一：A horse is a useful animal. 3.每一：twice a month, write 800 words a day 4.说话者不认识的“某一”： A Mrs Green is waiting for you at the school gate. 5.单一： He didnt tell us a thing about it. 6.固定词组：as a result/whole/rule, make a living, make a trip, go on a diet, come to an end 7.区分a与an: an hour, an honest boy; a useful book, a one-way ticket,不 定 冠 词,冠词,1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事，相当于“这(些)”“那(些)”：the history of the Olympics 2.谈话双方都明确所指的人或事：Open the door, please. 3.复指上文已提及的人或事：He gave me a pen. The pen is very expensive. 4.独一无二的事物名词前：the earth, the moon, the world, the univeres(宇宙). 5.序数词或最高级前： on the second floor, the most outstanding examples,定 冠 词,冠词,6.普通名词构成的专有名词前：the United Nations, the Yellow River, the Party 7.在姓氏复数前表示某某夫妇或一家人：the Greens; the Bakers 8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人：the poor=poor people, the rich,the sick,the wounded 9.演奏西洋乐器的乐器名词前：play the piano, play the violin,定 冠 词,冠词,10.中国传统节日前：the spring Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival. 11.方向方位名词前：in the east, on the right 12.打/抓/拍某人的某个部位：hit sb in the face; take sb by the arm, touch sb on the shoulder 13.固定词组和句型：in the city, in the countryside, onethe other; the morethe more, at the same time,定 冠 词,冠词,1.季节、月份、星期几、非中国传统节日：in Spring/July, on Monday, at Christmas 2.不可数名词或复数可数名词表示泛指时：Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen./Books are my best friends. 3.表示一日三餐的名词前：have breakfast, have lunch, have dinner, have supper, have brunch 4.语言、学科、运动或游戏名词前：learn English, play football, play hide-and-seek,零 冠 词,冠词,5.专有名词前：London is the capital of England 6.某些建筑或家具指其用途时：go to bed/school/church/prison, be in hospital, at table 7.做表语、补语或同位语的唯一职位名词前：We elected Tom monitor of our class. 8.by+交通工具：by bus/bike/plane/ship/ boat/taxi/subway/train; by land/air/sea,零 冠 词,at first, at last, at once, at dusk, at dawn, at noon, at night, at peace/war, at risk, at random in detail, in vain, in advance, in trouble, in fact, in particular, in general, in conclusion, in need on display, on purpose, on average, after school, after graduation; by mistake, by chance; under attack,9.固定词组：,冠词,零 冠 词,考点考法,This is one of_ most vivid cartoons I have ever seen.,填 空,She was a success as _ actress.,He has been diving into _ history of Chinese literature.,Drinking plays _ important role in Chinese banquets(宴请).,an,an,the,the,语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。,1. (2019全国卷) Of _ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。,the,2. (2019全国卷) When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was _ joke. 表示泛指“一个”玩笑，应用不定冠词a。,a,3. (2018全国卷)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.,表示特指一段时间，意为“过去的25年间”， 故用定冠词the。,the,5. (2017全国卷)As _ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.,因as a result(结果)是固定词组。,a,4. (2018全国卷)Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _ top of her lungs.,the,因at the top of ones lungs为固定搭配，意为“用某人最大的声音”。,6. (2017全国卷)This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over _ top. 特指the track的顶上。 7. (2017全国卷) Instead, she is earning 6,500 a day as _ model in New York. 表示职业或身份的单数可数名词前习惯上用不定冠词。,the /its,a,8. (2016全国卷)while one is being bottle-fed, _ other is with mumhe never suspects. 因onethe other是固定搭配。 9. (2016全国卷) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. 因for a while 意为“一段时间”。,the,a,10. (2015全国卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)are admired by even _ most modern architects and engineers. 在最高级前用定冠词the。 11. (2014全国卷)Now, years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. 在最高级前用定冠词the。,the,the,考情：冠词是高考每年必考的考点，就最近六年高考来说，已考查的有： 1. 定冠词和不定冠词的一般用法。即定冠词表示特指，相当于“这，那，这些，那些”；不定冠词表示泛指，相当于“一(个，段，座等)”。 2. 在最高级前、序数词前、独一无二的事物名词前等要用定冠词。 3. 含定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的固定短语或习惯搭配。,解法：冠词用于名词或“形容词+名词”前。因此，在语法填空中，如果空格设在名词或“形容词+名词”前，一般填冠词，如上述第1、2、3、7题。,一、语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。,1. (2020福建福州) _ number of times upcycling has been looked up on the Cambridge Dictionary website has risen by 181% since December of 2011.,作者应是表达“剑桥词典网站里，upcycling被查阅的次数上升了”, 表示“的数量”是the number of。顺便提提, 该短语做主语时, 与单数动词连用, 本句中has risen就是单数动词。,The,2. (2020山西阳泉) Since there are _ large number of existing motivations, it is important to know which ones are persuasive to you.,由a large number of （许多）是固定词组，该短语做主语时，与复数动词连用，本句中的are就是复数。,a,3. (2020内蒙古赤峰) The artist wanted to show the end of an era (时代). The time of the beautiful, old sailing ships is coming to _ end. 因come to an end（结束）是固定词组。 4. (2019广东汕头) They discovered that singing in groups played _ important part in helping people recover from mental illness. 因play an important part in（在中发挥重要作用）为固定搭配。,an,an,5. (2019湖南衡阳) people celebrate his spirits by showing goodwill and giving _
