中考英语动词考点归纳与例析.doc

中考英语动词考点归纳与例析【重点讲解】动词是构成英语句子的核心，用来表示动作和状态。和名词一样，动词也有人称和数的变化，用作谓语时必须与主语在人称及数上保持一致。根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为行为动词（也称实义动词）（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）等四类。本文主要就各类动词的基本用法进行归纳和通过练习进行讲解，不包括动词的时态、语态以及动词非谓语形式的具体用法。1行为动词使用要点。行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。接宾语的动词叫做及物动词。有的动词只能接一个宾语（如：We study Ennglish.）；有的要接两个宾语（双宾语）（如：He teaches me English.）；有的要接宾语和宾语补足语（复合宾语）（如：Tom gave me a pencil.）。有些动词既可以可用作及物动词，也可以可用作不及物动词。不及物动词本身意义完整，后面不需要接宾语，不及物动词没有被动语态形式。另外，按其动作发生的方式、过程的时间长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：know, have, learn, work, stand, keep, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如begin, finish, open, close, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, buy, borrow等。2. 连系动词使用要点。连系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，其后必须跟表语，和表语一起构成复合谓语。系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。常见的连系动词有be，keep，remain，stay，lie，stand, seem，appear，look，feel，smell，sound，taste，become，grow，turn，fall，get，go，come，run等。3、助动词使用要点。助动词本身无词汇意义或意义不完整，它只是帮助主要动词构成为谓语，表示疑问、否定、时态、语态等。4、情态动词使用要点。情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态，如需要、可能、愿意、怀疑等。情态动词本身具有一定的词义，但不不完全，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词的原形一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。【中考链接】1. - Can you _ your camera to me? - Sorry. I _ it at home. A. borrow, leftB. borrow, forget C. lene, forgotD. lend, left 答案：A。解析 本题考查四个动词的用法。borrow意为向别人“借入”，lend意为将自己东西“借出”，forget 意为“忘记”，leave 意为“留下”。根据句意选A。2. - Can I go fishing with you, Dad? - No, you _. You _ stay at home and do your homework first. A. wont, mayB. cant, mustC. shouldnt, oughtD. neednt, should 答案：B。解析 问句是说“可以去钓鱼吗？”从答句结尾可知，父亲是叫孩子呆在家里做作业，所以否定回答应为No, you cant。3. Amy, Ill be on holiday for a week. Could you help me _ my dog?A. look forB. look atC. look afterD. look over 答案：C。解析 本题考查几个短语动词的用法。look for意为“寻找”，look at意为“看”， look after意为“照料”，look over意为“查看”。根据句意选C。4. After they passed their exams, they _ by having a party.A. succeeded B. celebrated C. prepared D. received 答案：B。解析 susceed意为“成功”，celebrate意为“庆祝”，prepare意为“准备”，receive意为“收到”。“by + 动名词”表示“通过什么方式”。根据句意选B。5 - When _ your mother _ you that blue dress Mary？- Sorry, I realy cant remember.A. does；buy B. has；bought C. had；bought D. did；buy 5. 答案：D。解析 本题的考点是动词时态。四个选项分别为动词buy的四种不同时态形式。不难看出，问句是问“衣服是什么时候买的”，要用一般过去时，故选D。6. Look, there _ a cat and a dog fighting under the tree. A. areB. isC. haveD. has 答案：A。解析 本句是“there + be”句型 ，There不可以与 have或 has连用，因而排除C和D。句子的主语是a cat and a dog，是两个动物，属于复数，所以选A。7. Will you make _ for the old lady? Sure. Just _ my seat. A. room; take B. a room; live C. room; sit D. rooms; sit 答案：A。解析从答句中的“my seat”判断，这个对话的内容与让座位有关。Sit是不及物动词，live不可以和seat连用，因此第二空只能填take。“room”做“空间，地方”解时是不可数名词。故选A。8. - Would you like_ some coffee? - No, thanks. I _some. A. have, already have B. had, just hadC. having, have yet had D. to have, have already had 答案：D。解析 would like 后要接to + 动词原形，所以第一空填 to have；第二空填“have already had”，意为“我已经吃过了”。9. - This dish tastes _. -Thank you . It _by Mr Smith. ）A. good, was cooked B. well, cooks C.bad , is cooked D. terrible, cooked答案：A。解析第一空前的动词taste 为连系动词，其后要接形容词。从答句“Thank you”可以想到 “菜尝起来味道好”，别人才说“谢谢”。因此第一空要填good。另外，菜是被做出来的，所以第二空填 was cooked 。 10. - Have you _your ticket yet? - No, Im still _it. A. found, finding B. looked for, looking for C. found, looking for D.looked for, finding答案：C。解析该题考查find与look for的区别，find意为“找到”，look for意为“寻找”。所以选C。第一空要填found，第二空填looking for。11. - What _your father doing at eight yesterday evening, Sandy? - Let me seeOh, he was_ a newspaper. A.was, reading B.were, watching C. was, looking D. were, seeing答案：A。解析 问句的主语 your father 是第三人称单数， 可以排除B和D。 看报纸要用read而不用look。所以选A。12. - Why are you late? - My bike broke down. I had it _.A. repaired B. repairs C. repair D. repairing答案：A。解析 have something done 的意思是“要某人做了某事”，答句的意思是“我的自行车坏了，我叫人修好了。”repaired是过去分词，在句中作宾语补语。13. - I saw Susan _ a greet dress at the party.- I think she looks better _ red.A. wears, inB. wearing, inC. put on, wearingD. wear, putting 答案：B。解析wear表状态，put on表动作，另外，第二空只能填 in，故选B。14. Im afraid itll _you much time to work out the problem. A. spend B. use C. need D. take 答案：D。解析表示“花时间做某事”，用it做形式主语时，谓语动词要用take。故选D。【习题精炼】1. - What a nice bike! How long have you _it ?- Half a year. A. bought B. received C. taken D. had2. The old man _ for three years.A. was dead B. was died C. has been dead D. has died3. Ill call you if Mr. Li _ Shenzhen.A. gets to B. arrives C. reaches to D. arrive in4. Don