新人教版必修一课件：Unit 1 Friendship Section C Grammar

Unit 1 FriendshipUnit 1 Friendship Direct b. Change personal pronouns; c. Change tenses; d. Change adverbials of time and place; e. Other cases. He said, “I like it very much.” He said that he liked it very much. He said to me, “Ive left my book in your room. He told me that he had left his book in my room. b. Change personal pronouns: I said to her, “I have done my best.” I told her that I had done my best. Direct speech Indirect speech Direct speech Indirect speech Simple present Simple future Present continuous Past perfect Simple past Present perfect continuous Present perfect Past continuous Past perfect Past perfect Future in the past Past perfect Past perfect con- tinuous c. The changes of the tenses Simple past He said, “I lost a key here yesterday.” He said that he had lost a key there the day before/the previous day. “I read the book here a week ago,” Jane said to him. Jane told him that she had read the book there a week before. d. Change adverbials of time and place Direct speech Indirect speech nowthen todaythat day/yesterday/on Saturday, etc. tomorrowthe next day/the following day/on Tuesday, etc. yesterdaythe day before/the previous day/on Tuesday, etc. next weekthe week after/the following week, etc. last yearthe year before/the previous year, etc. a week ago a week before/a week earlier, etc. Direct speechIndirect speech thisthat thesethose herethere comego bringtake e. Other cases She said, “Ill come here again tonight.” She said she would go there again that night. He said, “I want this.” He said that he wanted that. May said to Tom, “Ill bring some photos here to you tomorrow.” May told Tom she would take some photos there to him the next day. 由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况 时态不变: 1. 不变的真理 The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0. 2. 经常的习惯： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day. 3. 历史事件： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945. 4. 部分情态动词, 如must, ought to, used to, had better等： She said to me, “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up. 1. 转述他人的陈述陈述句 She asked me what I was doing. He said, “Im going to Beijing.” He said that he was going to Beijing. He asked, “Are you a teacher?” He asked me if /whether I was a teacher. She said, “What are you doing?” 2. 转述他人的疑问一般疑问句 3. 转述他人的问题特殊疑问句 解题步骤: 1. 陈述句: “I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends. Sarah said to her friends that I dont like computers. tolddidnt she Sarah told her friends that she didnt like computers. 2. 一般疑问句: Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil? ( They asked him ) They asked himif It is easy to improve the condition of the soil. it is easy to improve the condition of the soil. askediswas They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil. Tom said (that) there wasnt any trouble and that he was waiting for his change. 注意: 当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并 列时, 仅能省略第一个that, 其余的不能 省略。 Tom said, “ There isnt any trouble and Im waiting for my change (零钱).” 3. 特殊疑问句： When do you harvest the wheat? ( They asked him ) They asked him when you harvest the wheat you harvest the wheat. he harvested They asked him when he harvested the wheat. harvested 直接引语语 (变变化前)间间接引语语(变变化后) 陈陈述句 Jane said, “Im very fond of traveling.” 一般疑问问句 “Is this your umbrella, Mary?” asked John. that引导导的宾语宾语 从句 Jane said that she was very fond of traveling. whether / if 引导导的宾宾 语语从句 John asked Mary if that was her umbrella. 直接引语语 (变变化前)间间接引语语(变变化后) 特殊疑问问句 “Mary, when will you return me the book?” asked John. 祈使句 The officer said to him, “Dont leave your post.” wh-词词引导导的宾语宾语 从 句 John asked Mary when she would return him the book. 不定式 The officer ordered him not to leave his post. 直接引语语 (变变化前)间间接引语语(变变化后) Lets开头头的祈使 句 I said to him, “Lets start at once.” 感叹叹句 He said: “How happy I am!” that 引导导的宾语宾语 从句 I suggested to him that we (should) start at once. that / what / how 引导导的宾语宾语 从句 He said that he was very happy. He said how happy he was. 由直接引语转变为间语转变为间 接引语语, 有时时会引 起时态时态 的变变化, 注意以下几个方面。 直接引语语(变变化前)间接引语(变化后) 主句动词为动词为 一般现现 在时时或现现在完成时时 She often says, “All men and women are equal under the law.” 从句动词时态不变 She often says that all men and women are equal under the law. 直接引语语(变变化前)间接引语(变化后) 主句 动词动词 为为一 般过过 去时时 引语时态为语时态为 : 从句 动词动词 时态时态 相应应 变变化 从句时态变为时态变为 : 一般现现在时时 “I know it,” he said. 一般过过去时时 He said that he knew it. 直接引语语(变变化前)间接引语(变化后) 主句 动词动词 为为一 般过过 去时时 引语时态为语时态为 : 从句 动动 词词 时时 态态相 应应 变变化 从句时态变时态变 为为: 现在进行时 “Im making coffee for you all,” she said. 过去进行时 She said she was making coffee for us all. 直接引语语(变变化前)间接引语(变化后) 主句 动词动词 为为一 般过过 去时时 引语时态为语时态为 : 从句 动词动词 时态时态 相应应 变变化 从句时态变时态变 为为: 现在完成时 “I have seen her before,” said he. 过去完成时 He said he had seen her before. 直接引语语(变变化前)间接引语(变化后) 主句 动动 词词 为为一 般过过 去时时 引语时态语时态 为为: 从句 动动 词词 时时 态态相 应应 变变化 从句时态变为时态变为 : 现在完成进 行时 He sai