专八写作培训
专八写作培训 周旭阳 2012.11.28 写 作 要 求 § 全国高校英语专业学生八级考试（TEM-8 ）五大项目之一 § 分值：总分的20 § 考试时间：45分钟 § 字数：400字左右 § 要求：观点清楚、例证充分、结构严谨、 层次清楚、合乎逻辑、语言得体、无重大 语法错误。 操作步骤一：审题 § 通过阅读写作题目及相关信息或要求，正确 领会题目的含义，了解题目要求，为构思合 乎具体写作要求的文章思路及框架打下基础 。 § 写作要求中的几个部分：观点、情景、标题 、写作要求具有内在的联系。 § 存在的问题：1）只看标题即着手写作；2） 对情景部分一知半解，不经斟酌；3）忽略 对文章框架的提示。 审题练习1 § The Internet is about to take off in China. As many as 9 million people are online, a number that is estimated to hit 20 million by the end of 2000. It is predicted that this phenomenal growth will have great impact on our society and economy. Choose one aspect of our society or economy where you think the impact will be most strongly felt, and write an essay of about 400 words entitled THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNET ON . § In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. § Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 审题练习2 § Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer, once said “we decide what is important and what is trivial in life we decide that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do but no matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about.” § Do you agree or disagree with him? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled: On Ambition § In the first part of your writing you should state your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. 2004年写作题目 Should University Students Go in for Business? § 题眼是“做生意”，而很多考生在论述时却几乎将其等 同于“做兼职”，所举的论据、事例未能紧扣话题，因 此导致文章缺乏说服力; § 此外，题干中提出两种对立观点： “ Some thought that the students business experie nce would help them adapt better to society after g raduation, while others held a negative view, sayin g that running shops might occupy too much of the students time and energy which should otherwise be devoted to their academic study. ” § 议论文写作一般要求选其一加以论述，不能兼述， 而有的考生却在主体段落中“优劣并举”，导致态度不 明、观点不清。 2007年写作题目 Some people think that financial disparity affects friendship. What do you think? § 关键词是financial disparity(差异)与friendship，很多学生还 未弄懂“disparity'的含义，就匆忙动笔，将financial disparity 等同于经济困难，导致离题万里; § 另一方面，有的考生在论述时将重点放在financial而不是 financial disparity上，如: the poor better understand the importance of friendship， 偏离了题目，导致严重失分。 § 值得一提的是，即使不认得某些关键词，也不要临场乱猜， 而应该结合上下文、词根、词缀知识理性地做出推断。以 disparity为例，前缀dis一表示“分开，分离”，词根par一表示 “切分”，据此不难猜测disparity的大致含义“差距，距离”。 操作步骤二：谋篇 § 三个部分：开端、主体、结尾。 § 开端：一开头立刻提出自己的观点，并简单扼要地 列出支持观点的两到三个理由。 § 主体：在主体部分里，每一段落就是开头列举的每 个理由的进一步阐述，常见结构是一个中心句加数 个支撑句。每一段落都服务于文章的中心，维护文 章的整体性，又要使每一段落分别阐述一个问题， 保持相对的独立性 § 结尾：总结整篇文章的观点，并适度拓展。 文章 开头主体结尾 提出论点、简单列出理由详细阐述理由总结论点、深化拓展 理由1（中心句+支撑句） 理由2（中心句+支撑句） 理由3（中心句+支撑句） 谋篇的另一要素是注意文章主体架构的灵活 性。就五段体的议论文而言，除去开头段、 结论段，主体段落至少有四种组织模式: § 最常见的是主体段落全部用于阐释本方的分 论点，多数文章采用此模式; § 先立后破。即:前一、两个段落用于阐释本方 分论点，后一个段落用于反驳对方观点; § 先破后立。即:前一个段落用于反驳对方观点 ，后一、两个段落用于阐释本方分论点; § 破立结合。即:在各段的论述中既阐释本方论 点又反驳对方观点。 谋篇练习1 It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.“ Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why? In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. You should supply a title for your article. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Knowledge gained from experience is more important § It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” It means that knowledge can be acquired from many sources. These include books, teachers and practical experience, and each has its own advantages. As far as Im concerned, I believe that knowledge gained from experience is more important than knowledge gained from books(结合情景、提出观点、简单陈述分论点 ） § First of all, the knowledge we gain from books and formal education enables us to learn about things that we have no opportunity to experience in daily life. We can study all the places in the world and learn from people we will never meet in our lifetime, just by reading about them in books. We can also develop our analytical skills and learn how to view and interpret the world around us in different ways. Furthermore, we can learn from the
