新②58课中考真题详解(被动语态)
被动语态 一被动语态的时态： 1.一般现在时的被动语态： am /is/ are +动词的过去分词 2.一般过去时的被动语态： was /were +动词的过去分词 3.一般将来时的被动语态： will be +动词的过去分词 4.现在进行时的被动语态： am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词 5.现在完成时的被动语态： have /has +been +动词的过去分词 6.情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词 二主动语态变被动语态的变法： 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。 注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。 2.主动、被动的句式要一致。 3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。 三特殊情况的被动语态： 1.带双宾语的被动语态： 动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾) 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。 1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。 give sb sth sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb . 2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。 buy sb sth sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I _ _ a book by him. A book _ _ _ me by him . My mother made me a cake . I _ _ a cake by my mother A cake _ _ _ me by my mother . 2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去 ，被动语态to回来。 动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth -sb + be +made +to do sth The boss made the workers work all day The workers _ _ _ work all day by the boss. 3.在see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语 态时，doing 不变。 I heard Tom singing just now Tom _ _ _ by me just now . 4.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面 的介词或副词。 We should take care of the old . The old should _ _ _ _ . 四注意事项： 1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态： last ,have ,own belong to ,suitfine , 2.不及物动词是没有被动语态： happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容纳) 3.系动词是没有被动语态： Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste . The dish tastes good . 4.有些词组没有被动语态： sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well This kind of skirt sells well. 5.need表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相 当于to be done . All the computers need repairing .= All the computers need _ _ _ . 6.在tooto及enough to 结构中有时表示被动意义。 The problem is too difficult to solve. 动词的语态（一） 【2011北京】34. Many accidents _ by careless drivers last year. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause 答案：B 【解析】考查点：本题考查时态和被动语态结合的用法。由last year可知 要用过去时，由后面的by可知要用被动语态，所以选择答案B。 【2011陕西】25. Driving after drinking wine in China. A. allows B. doesn't allow C. is allowed D. isn't allowed 答案：D 【解析】考查点：本题考查被动语态。句意为“酒后驾车在中国是不被允 许的”。可知为否定的被动语态，故选D。 【2011桂林】38. Many trees and flowers _ in our city every year. A. planted B. are planted C. were planted D. plants 答案：B【解析】语态的用法。根据句意“每年在我们诚实种很多的树和花 ”，可知many trees and flowers为动作的承受者，因此用被动语态，其 时间状语为every year，用一般现在时。因此选B。 【河北省2011】44. The Spring Festival in January or February. A. celebrates B. is celebrated C. celebrated D. was celebrated 答案：B 【解析】B 考查一般现在时的被动语态，人们在一月或二月庆 祝春节，是个习惯性动作，用一般现在时，春节是被人们庆祝 的，用被动语态表示。故选B。 【2011河南省】30. Soft drinks_ to children for free in some restaurants on Children's Day. A. offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offered 答案：C。 【解析】考查动词的语态。因句子的主语是物（Soft drinks） ，故应该用被动语态，由于“on Children's Day”表示泛指在儿 童节，故用一般在时的被动语态。所以选C。 【2011黑龙江绥化市】16. Suihua is so beautiful. It's like a big garden. Yes. Many trees and flowers _in our city every year. A. are planting B. are planted C. were planted 答案：B 【解析】被动语态的考查。Be+过去分词，时间状语every year 决定了用一般现在时。 【2011江苏徐州】11. When will the birthday party _, on Monday evening or Tuesday evening? A. hold B. be held C. held D. be holding 答案B 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。birthday party和hold构成被动 关系，所以为被动语态，由“will”可知，为一般将来时的被动语 态。句意“什么时候举行生日聚会，是周一晚上还是周二晚上啊 ？”，用be held。 【2011内蒙古包头】35. It will be two days before the decision_. A. has made B. will be made C. was made D. is made. 答案：D 【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。句意为“在下决心之前 ，将有两天的时间” 根据语境可知选D。 【2011呼和浩特】3. -Did you go to Jims birthday party？ -No, I . A. havent invited B. didnt invite C. am not invited D. wasnt invited 答案：D 【解析】被动语态句意为“你去参加吉姆的生日聚会了吗”“ 我没被邀请”，I 与invite应为过去的被动的关系， 【2011呼和浩特】15. At last the boy was made and began to laugh. A. stop crying B. to stop to cry C. to stop crying D. stop to cry 答案：C 【解析】被动语态与非谓语动词 make, have, see 等动词在变为被动 语态时要把省略的不定式符号to补出来；stop to do “停下来去干” ； stop doing“停止做” 句意为“小男孩停止哭笑了起来” 【2011四川达州】30. Do you know Lucys grandma? Of course. She is a kind woman, but she has for about a month since she in the accident. A. been dead; was killed B. died; was killed C. been dead; killed D. died; killed 答案：A 【解析】本题考查时态和被动语态的用法。根据题意：-你知道露茜的 奶奶吗？-当然，她是一位慈祥的老人，在车祸中丧生已经大约一年了 。has been dead表示已经去世的状况，was killed表被动，丧生。故 本题选A。 【2011四川广元】19.English more and more widely (广泛) today. So we must learn it well. A. uses B. used C. is used 答案：C 【解析】动词语态。根据句意：今天英语越来越被广泛地应用 。由句意可知要用一般现在时被动语态，其构成：is/am/are+ 动词过去分词。故选C。 【2011四川南充】33. How many people will_ to your birthday party? Twelve. A. invite B. be invited C. be inviting 答案：B 【解析】考查动词语态。主语people和invite之间是被动关系 。语意：有多少人被邀请去参加party？12人。 【2011四川宜宾】28.Computers _widely in our daily life. A . use B. used C. were used D. are used 答案：D 【解析】D考查一般现在时的被动语态，根据句意：计算机在日常生活中得 到广泛应用。故选D。 【2011天津】39. Today a lot of information can _ online. A. receive B. be received C. is received D. receiving 答案：B
